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1339 lines (1249 loc) · 71.3 KB
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="ko">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Ch.10 데이터베이스 | CS Visualizer</title>
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=JetBrains+Mono:wght@300;400;500;600;700&family=Noto+Sans+KR:wght@300;400;500;700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
<style>
/* ── Ch10 local styles ── */
section { max-width: 960px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 80px 24px 60px; }
/* ── SQL ── */
.sql-tables-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 20px; margin-bottom: 24px; }
.sql-table-wrap { background: var(--surface2); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 10px; overflow: hidden; }
.sql-table-name { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.75rem; padding: 8px 14px; background: rgba(16,185,129,0.12); color: #10b981; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 1px; }
.sql-table-wrap table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; }
.sql-table-wrap th { padding: 7px 12px; background: var(--surface); color: var(--text-dim); text-align: left; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
.sql-table-wrap td { padding: 7px 12px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(42,42,58,0.5); color: var(--text); }
.sql-table-wrap tr:last-child td { border-bottom: none; }
.sql-controls { display: flex; gap: 10px; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 18px; }
.sql-query-display { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.82rem; padding: 14px 18px; background: var(--surface2); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 8px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: var(--text); min-height: 48px; line-height: 1.8; }
.sql-kw { color: #10b981; font-weight: 600; }
.sql-tbl { color: var(--accent3); }
.sql-col { color: var(--accent4); }
.sql-result-table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.80rem; }
.sql-result-table th { padding: 8px 14px; background: rgba(16,185,129,0.15); color: #10b981; text-align: left; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); border-top: 1px solid var(--border); }
.sql-result-table td { padding: 8px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(42,42,58,0.5); color: var(--text); }
.sql-result-table tr.null-row td { color: var(--text-dim); font-style: italic; }
.sql-result-table tr:last-child td { border-bottom: none; }
.result-label { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.72rem; color: var(--text-dim); margin-bottom: 8px; letter-spacing: 1px; }
.join-type-btns { display: flex; gap: 8px; }
/* ── Normalization ── */
.norm-step { display: none; }
.norm-step.active { display: block; }
.norm-table-wrap { background: var(--surface2); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 10px; overflow: hidden; margin-bottom: 16px; }
.norm-table-name { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.72rem; padding: 6px 14px; color: #10b981; background: rgba(16,185,129,0.1); font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 1px; }
.norm-table-wrap table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; }
.norm-table-wrap th { padding: 7px 12px; background: var(--surface); color: var(--text-dim); text-align: left; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border); }
.norm-table-wrap td { padding: 7px 12px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(42,42,58,0.4); color: var(--text); }
.norm-table-wrap tr:last-child td { border-bottom: none; }
.norm-table-wrap td.bad { color: var(--danger); background: rgba(255,68,102,0.06); }
.norm-table-wrap td.good { color: var(--success); }
.norm-progress { display: flex; gap: 0; margin-bottom: 24px; }
.norm-prog-step { flex: 1; text-align: center; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.72rem; padding: 10px 6px; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border); color: var(--text-dim); cursor: pointer; transition: all 0.2s; }
.norm-prog-step.active { border-bottom-color: #10b981; color: #10b981; }
.norm-prob-list { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--text-dim); padding: 12px 16px; background: rgba(255,68,102,0.06); border-left: 3px solid var(--danger); border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; margin-bottom: 16px; line-height: 2; }
.norm-fix-list { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--text-dim); padding: 12px 16px; background: rgba(0,204,136,0.06); border-left: 3px solid var(--success); border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; margin-bottom: 16px; line-height: 2; }
.norm-multi { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 16px; }
/* ── Transaction ── */
.acid-cards { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); gap: 14px; margin-bottom: 28px; }
.acid-card { background: var(--surface2); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 10px; padding: 18px 14px; text-align: center; transition: all 0.3s; }
.acid-card:hover { border-color: #10b981; transform: translateY(-3px); }
.acid-letter { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 700; color: #10b981; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.acid-word { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.72rem; color: var(--accent4); margin-bottom: 8px; letter-spacing: 1px; }
.acid-desc { font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--text-dim); line-height: 1.5; }
.txn-sim { background: var(--surface2); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 10px; padding: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.txn-log { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; min-height: 140px; max-height: 200px; overflow-y: auto; border-radius: 6px; background: var(--bg); border: 1px solid var(--border); padding: 12px; margin-bottom: 14px; }
.txn-log-entry { margin-bottom: 4px; line-height: 1.6; }
.txn-log-entry.begin { color: var(--accent3); }
.txn-log-entry.op { color: var(--text); }
.txn-log-entry.commit { color: var(--success); }
.txn-log-entry.rollback { color: var(--danger); }
.txn-log-entry.info { color: var(--text-dim); }
.txn-state-bar { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; margin-bottom: 14px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.txn-state-pill { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.72rem; padding: 4px 12px; border-radius: 100px; background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--border); color: var(--text-dim); }
.txn-state-pill.active-pill { border-color: #10b981; color: #10b981; background: rgba(16,185,129,0.12); }
.txn-db-row { display: flex; gap: 6px; align-items: center; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; padding: 6px 10px; background: var(--bg); border-radius: 6px; border: 1px solid var(--border); }
.txn-db-val { padding: 2px 8px; border-radius: 4px; font-weight: 600; transition: all 0.4s; }
.txn-btns { display: flex; gap: 8px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.iso-table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; margin-top: 8px; }
.iso-table th { padding: 8px 12px; background: var(--surface); color: var(--text-dim); border: 1px solid var(--border); text-align: left; }
.iso-table td { padding: 8px 12px; border: 1px solid var(--border); }
.iso-o { color: var(--danger); text-align: center; }
.iso-x { color: var(--success); text-align: center; }
/* ── Index ── */
.btree-canvas-wrap { background: var(--surface2); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 10px; padding: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; overflow-x: auto; }
.btree-level { display: flex; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 10px; position: relative; }
.btree-node { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 0; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; border: 1.5px solid #10b981; border-radius: 6px; overflow: hidden; }
.btree-cell { padding: 6px 10px; border-right: 1px solid #10b981; color: #10b981; background: rgba(16,185,129,0.08); white-space: nowrap; }
.btree-cell:last-child { border-right: none; }
.btree-cell.highlighted { background: rgba(16,185,129,0.35); color: #fff; font-weight: 700; }
.btree-leaf { background: rgba(16,185,129,0.04); }
.btree-leaf .btree-cell { color: var(--text); border-right-color: rgba(16,185,129,0.3); }
.btree-leaf .btree-cell.highlighted { background: rgba(16,185,129,0.25); color: #10b981; }
.btree-connector { text-align: center; color: var(--text-dim); font-size: 0.7rem; margin-bottom: 2px; }
.scan-demo { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
.scan-box { background: var(--surface2); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 10px; padding: 16px; }
.scan-box-title { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 12px; }
.scan-rows { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px; }
.scan-row { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.75rem; padding: 5px 10px; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid var(--border); background: var(--bg); color: var(--text-dim); transition: all 0.3s; }
.scan-row.scanning { border-color: var(--accent4); color: var(--accent4); background: rgba(255,170,0,0.08); }
.scan-row.found { border-color: var(--success); color: var(--success); background: rgba(0,204,136,0.1); }
.scan-row.skipped { opacity: 0.35; }
.scan-stats { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--text-dim); margin-top: 10px; }
.index-btns { display: flex; gap: 8px; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom: 16px; }
.composite-box { background: var(--surface2); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 10px; padding: 18px; }
.composite-title { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.82rem; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 12px; color: #10b981; }
.composite-row { display: flex; gap: 8px; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 8px; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; }
.composite-key { padding: 4px 12px; border-radius: 6px; background: rgba(16,185,129,0.12); color: #10b981; border: 1px solid rgba(16,185,129,0.3); }
.composite-arrow { color: var(--text-dim); }
.composite-desc { color: var(--text-dim); }
/* ── NoSQL ── */
.compare-table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.82rem; margin-bottom: 24px; }
.compare-table th { padding: 10px 14px; background: var(--surface); color: var(--text-dim); border: 1px solid var(--border); text-align: left; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; }
.compare-table td { padding: 10px 14px; border: 1px solid var(--border); vertical-align: top; font-size: 0.82rem; }
.compare-table td:first-child { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--text-dim); }
.compare-table .sql-col-h { color: var(--accent3); font-weight: 600; }
.compare-table .nosql-col-h { color: #10b981; font-weight: 600; }
.redis-tabs { display: flex; gap: 6px; margin-bottom: 16px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.redis-tab { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.75rem; padding: 6px 14px; border-radius: 100px; border: 1px solid var(--border); background: var(--surface2); color: var(--text-dim); cursor: pointer; transition: all 0.2s; }
.redis-tab.active { border-color: #10b981; color: #10b981; background: rgba(16,185,129,0.1); }
.redis-content { display: none; }
.redis-content.active { display: block; }
.redis-visual { background: var(--surface2); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 10px; padding: 18px; }
.redis-kv { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.82rem; margin-bottom: 8px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.redis-key { color: var(--accent4); padding: 4px 10px; background: rgba(255,170,0,0.1); border-radius: 6px; border: 1px solid rgba(255,170,0,0.3); }
.redis-val { color: var(--accent); padding: 4px 10px; background: rgba(0,255,170,0.06); border-radius: 6px; border: 1px solid rgba(0,255,170,0.2); }
.redis-type { color: var(--text-dim); font-size: 0.72rem; }
.redis-list-items { display: flex; gap: 4px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.redis-list-item { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; padding: 4px 10px; background: rgba(107,138,255,0.1); border: 1px solid rgba(107,138,255,0.3); border-radius: 6px; color: var(--accent3); }
.redis-list-item.index0 { border-color: rgba(0,255,170,0.4); color: var(--accent); }
.redis-set-items { display: flex; gap: 6px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.redis-set-item { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; padding: 4px 10px; background: rgba(255,107,157,0.08); border: 1px solid rgba(255,107,157,0.3); border-radius: 100px; color: var(--accent2); }
.redis-hash-table { border-collapse: collapse; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; }
.redis-hash-table td { padding: 5px 12px; border: 1px solid var(--border); }
.redis-hash-table td:first-child { color: var(--accent4); }
.redis-hash-table td:last-child { color: var(--text); }
.redis-zset-items { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 6px; }
.redis-zset-item { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.78rem; }
.redis-zset-rank { color: var(--text-dim); width: 30px; }
.redis-zset-score { color: var(--accent4); background: rgba(255,170,0,0.1); padding: 2px 8px; border-radius: 4px; }
.redis-zset-member { color: var(--accent3); }
.cap-triangle { text-align: center; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.cap-triangle svg { max-width: 360px; width: 100%; }
.cap-explain { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 14px; margin-top: 14px; }
.cap-card { background: var(--surface2); border: 1px solid var(--border); border-radius: 8px; padding: 14px; text-align: center; }
.cap-card-letter { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 4px; }
.cap-card-word { font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; font-size: 0.7rem; color: var(--text-dim); margin-bottom: 6px; }
.cap-card-desc { font-size: 0.75rem; color: var(--text-dim); line-height: 1.5; }
@media (max-width: 700px) {
.sql-tables-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
.acid-cards { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
.scan-demo { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
.norm-multi { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
.cap-explain { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}
</style>
</head>
<body class="page-body">
<nav class="page-nav">
<a href="index.html" class="nav-back">← 홈</a>
<div class="nav-chapter-title" style="color:#10b981">Ch.10 — 데이터베이스</div>
<div class="nav-sections">
<a href="#sql" class="nav-sec-link">SQL/JOIN</a>
<a href="#normalization" class="nav-sec-link">정규화</a>
<a href="#transaction" class="nav-sec-link">트랜잭션</a>
<a href="#index" class="nav-sec-link">인덱스</a>
<a href="#nosql" class="nav-sec-link">NoSQL</a>
</div>
</nav>
<!-- ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════
SECTION 1: SQL & JOIN
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -->
<section id="sql">
<div class="section-header">
<div class="tag tag-ch10">01 — SQL & JOIN</div>
<h2>SQL & JOIN 연산</h2>
<p>관계형 데이터베이스의 핵심인 SQL과 JOIN 연산을 직접 실행하며 결과를 확인해 보세요. INNER, LEFT, RIGHT JOIN의 차이를 시각적으로 학습합니다.</p>
</div>
<div class="viz-box">
<!-- Sample tables display -->
<div class="sql-tables-row">
<div class="sql-table-wrap">
<div class="sql-table-name">TABLE: users</div>
<table>
<thead><tr><th>id</th><th>name</th><th>age</th></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>Alice</td><td>28</td></tr>
<tr><td>2</td><td>Bob</td><td>34</td></tr>
<tr><td>3</td><td>Carol</td><td>22</td></tr>
<tr><td>4</td><td>Dave</td><td>41</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sql-table-wrap">
<div class="sql-table-name">TABLE: orders</div>
<table>
<thead><tr><th>id</th><th>user_id</th><th>product</th><th>amount</th></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>101</td><td>1</td><td>Laptop</td><td>1200</td></tr>
<tr><td>102</td><td>2</td><td>Mouse</td><td>35</td></tr>
<tr><td>103</td><td>1</td><td>Monitor</td><td>450</td></tr>
<tr><td>104</td><td>5</td><td>Keyboard</td><td>85</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Controls -->
<div class="sql-controls">
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.78rem;color:var(--text-dim);">JOIN 유형:</div>
<div class="join-type-btns">
<button class="btn active" id="btn-inner" onclick="selectJoin('INNER')">INNER JOIN</button>
<button class="btn" id="btn-left" onclick="selectJoin('LEFT')">LEFT JOIN</button>
<button class="btn" id="btn-right" onclick="selectJoin('RIGHT')">RIGHT JOIN</button>
</div>
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.78rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-left:10px;">WHERE:</div>
<button class="btn" id="btn-where" onclick="toggleWhere()">없음</button>
</div>
<!-- Query display -->
<div class="sql-query-display" id="sqlQuery"></div>
<!-- Result -->
<div class="result-label">QUERY RESULT</div>
<div style="overflow-x:auto;">
<table class="sql-result-table" id="sqlResultTable"></table>
</div>
<div class="info-text" id="sqlInfo" style="margin-top:14px;"></div>
</div>
</section>
<div class="section-divider"></div>
<!-- ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════
SECTION 2: 정규화 (Normalization)
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -->
<section id="normalization">
<div class="section-header">
<div class="tag tag-ch10">02 — NORMALIZATION</div>
<h2>정규화 (Normalization)</h2>
<p>중복 데이터와 이상 현상을 없애기 위해 테이블을 단계적으로 분해합니다. 비정규화 → 1NF → 2NF → 3NF로 변환하는 과정을 직접 확인해 보세요.</p>
</div>
<div class="viz-box">
<!-- Progress bar -->
<div class="norm-progress" id="normProgress">
<div class="norm-prog-step active" onclick="goNormStep(0)">비정규화<br><span style="font-size:0.65rem;opacity:0.6;">UNF</span></div>
<div class="norm-prog-step" onclick="goNormStep(1)">1차 정규형<br><span style="font-size:0.65rem;opacity:0.6;">1NF</span></div>
<div class="norm-prog-step" onclick="goNormStep(2)">2차 정규형<br><span style="font-size:0.65rem;opacity:0.6;">2NF</span></div>
<div class="norm-prog-step" onclick="goNormStep(3)">3차 정규형<br><span style="font-size:0.65rem;opacity:0.6;">3NF</span></div>
</div>
<!-- Step 0: Unnormalized -->
<div class="norm-step active" id="norm-step-0">
<div class="norm-table-wrap">
<div class="norm-table-name">주문 테이블 (비정규화 — UNF)</div>
<table>
<thead><tr><th>주문ID</th><th>고객명</th><th>도시</th><th>우편번호</th><th>상품목록</th><th>총액</th></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1001</td><td>Alice</td><td>서울</td><td>04524</td><td class="bad">Laptop, Mouse</td><td>1235</td></tr>
<tr><td>1002</td><td>Bob</td><td>부산</td><td>48058</td><td class="bad">Monitor</td><td>450</td></tr>
<tr><td>1003</td><td class="bad">Alice</td><td class="bad">서울</td><td class="bad">04524</td><td class="bad">Keyboard</td><td>85</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="norm-prob-list">
<strong style="color:var(--danger);">문제점:</strong><br>
· 상품목록이 다중값 (Laptop, Mouse → 원자값이 아님) — 1NF 위반<br>
· Alice 정보(도시, 우편번호)가 여러 행에 중복 — 갱신 이상<br>
· 주문이 삭제되면 고객 정보도 사라짐 — 삭제 이상
</div>
<button class="btn" style="border-color:#10b981;color:#10b981;" onclick="goNormStep(1)">1NF 적용 →</button>
</div>
<!-- Step 1: 1NF -->
<div class="norm-step" id="norm-step-1">
<div class="norm-table-wrap">
<div class="norm-table-name">주문 테이블 (1NF — 원자값 보장)</div>
<table>
<thead><tr><th>주문ID</th><th>고객명</th><th>도시</th><th>우편번호</th><th>상품</th><th>금액</th></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1001</td><td>Alice</td><td>서울</td><td>04524</td><td class="good">Laptop</td><td>1200</td></tr>
<tr><td>1001</td><td>Alice</td><td>서울</td><td>04524</td><td class="good">Mouse</td><td>35</td></tr>
<tr><td>1002</td><td>Bob</td><td>부산</td><td>48058</td><td class="good">Monitor</td><td>450</td></tr>
<tr><td>1003</td><td class="bad">Alice</td><td class="bad">서울</td><td class="bad">04524</td><td>Keyboard</td><td>85</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="norm-fix-list">
<strong style="color:var(--success);">1NF 적용:</strong> 다중값 속성 분리 → 각 셀이 원자값(단일값)을 가짐<br>
<strong style="color:var(--danger);">남은 문제:</strong> 복합 기본키 (주문ID, 상품) 중 고객 정보는 주문ID에만 의존 — 부분 종속 (2NF 위반)
</div>
<div style="display:flex;gap:10px;">
<button class="btn" onclick="goNormStep(0)">← 이전</button>
<button class="btn" style="border-color:#10b981;color:#10b981;" onclick="goNormStep(2)">2NF 적용 →</button>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Step 2: 2NF -->
<div class="norm-step" id="norm-step-2">
<div class="norm-multi">
<div>
<div class="norm-table-wrap">
<div class="norm-table-name">고객 테이블 (Customers)</div>
<table>
<thead><tr><th>고객명 (PK)</th><th>도시</th><th>우편번호</th></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td class="good">Alice</td><td>서울</td><td>04524</td></tr>
<tr><td class="good">Bob</td><td>부산</td><td>48058</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="norm-table-wrap">
<div class="norm-table-name">주문상품 테이블 (OrderItems)</div>
<table>
<thead><tr><th>주문ID</th><th>고객명 (FK)</th><th>상품</th><th>금액</th></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1001</td><td>Alice</td><td>Laptop</td><td>1200</td></tr>
<tr><td>1001</td><td>Alice</td><td>Mouse</td><td>35</td></tr>
<tr><td>1002</td><td>Bob</td><td>Monitor</td><td>450</td></tr>
<tr><td>1003</td><td>Alice</td><td>Keyboard</td><td>85</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="norm-fix-list">
<strong style="color:var(--success);">2NF 적용:</strong> 부분 종속 제거 → 고객 정보를 별도 테이블로 분리<br>
<strong style="color:var(--danger);">남은 문제:</strong> 우편번호(04524)가 도시(서울)를 결정 — 이행적 종속 (3NF 위반)
</div>
<div style="display:flex;gap:10px;">
<button class="btn" onclick="goNormStep(1)">← 이전</button>
<button class="btn" style="border-color:#10b981;color:#10b981;" onclick="goNormStep(3)">3NF 적용 →</button>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Step 3: 3NF -->
<div class="norm-step" id="norm-step-3">
<div class="norm-multi">
<div>
<div class="norm-table-wrap">
<div class="norm-table-name">지역 테이블 (Locations)</div>
<table>
<thead><tr><th>우편번호 (PK)</th><th>도시</th></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td class="good">04524</td><td>서울</td></tr>
<tr><td class="good">48058</td><td>부산</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="norm-table-wrap" style="margin-top:12px;">
<div class="norm-table-name">고객 테이블 (Customers)</div>
<table>
<thead><tr><th>고객명 (PK)</th><th>우편번호 (FK)</th></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Alice</td><td>04524</td></tr>
<tr><td>Bob</td><td>48058</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div class="norm-table-wrap">
<div class="norm-table-name">주문상품 테이블 (OrderItems)</div>
<table>
<thead><tr><th>주문ID</th><th>고객명 (FK)</th><th>상품</th><th>금액</th></tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1001</td><td>Alice</td><td>Laptop</td><td>1200</td></tr>
<tr><td>1001</td><td>Alice</td><td>Mouse</td><td>35</td></tr>
<tr><td>1002</td><td>Bob</td><td>Monitor</td><td>450</td></tr>
<tr><td>1003</td><td>Alice</td><td>Keyboard</td><td>85</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="norm-fix-list">
<strong style="color:var(--success);">3NF 적용 완료!</strong> 이행적 종속 제거 → 우편번호↔도시 관계를 별도 테이블로 분리<br>
· 모든 비키 속성이 기본키에만 직접 종속 · 중복 없음 · 이상 현상 해소
</div>
<button class="btn" onclick="goNormStep(2)">← 이전</button>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<div class="section-divider"></div>
<!-- ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════
SECTION 3: 트랜잭션 & ACID
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -->
<section id="transaction">
<div class="section-header">
<div class="tag tag-ch10">03 — TRANSACTION & ACID</div>
<h2>트랜잭션 & ACID</h2>
<p>트랜잭션은 데이터베이스의 상태를 변환하는 하나의 논리적 작업 단위입니다. ACID 속성이 데이터 무결성을 어떻게 보장하는지 시뮬레이션으로 확인하세요.</p>
</div>
<div class="viz-box">
<!-- ACID Cards -->
<div class="acid-cards">
<div class="acid-card">
<div class="acid-letter">A</div>
<div class="acid-word">ATOMICITY</div>
<div class="acid-desc">트랜잭션 내 모든 연산은<br><strong style="color:var(--text);">전부 성공</strong>하거나<br><strong style="color:var(--text);">전부 실패</strong>합니다</div>
</div>
<div class="acid-card">
<div class="acid-letter">C</div>
<div class="acid-word">CONSISTENCY</div>
<div class="acid-desc">트랜잭션 전후로<br>데이터베이스가 항상<br>일관된 상태를 유지합니다</div>
</div>
<div class="acid-card">
<div class="acid-letter">I</div>
<div class="acid-word">ISOLATION</div>
<div class="acid-desc">동시 실행 중인 트랜잭션은<br>서로 간섭하지 않습니다<br>(격리 수준으로 제어)</div>
</div>
<div class="acid-card">
<div class="acid-letter">D</div>
<div class="acid-word">DURABILITY</div>
<div class="acid-desc">커밋된 트랜잭션의 결과는<br>장애 발생 시에도<br>영구적으로 보존됩니다</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Transaction Simulation -->
<div class="txn-sim">
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.85rem;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:12px;color:#10b981;">트랜잭션 시뮬레이션</div>
<!-- DB State display -->
<div style="margin-bottom:14px;">
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.72rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-bottom:8px;letter-spacing:1px;">현재 DB 상태 (accounts 테이블)</div>
<div style="display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;">
<div class="txn-db-row">
<span style="color:var(--text-dim);">Alice 잔액:</span>
<span class="txn-db-val" id="dbAlice" style="background:rgba(0,255,170,0.1);color:var(--accent);">₩1,000</span>
</div>
<div class="txn-db-row">
<span style="color:var(--text-dim);">Bob 잔액:</span>
<span class="txn-db-val" id="dbBob" style="background:rgba(107,138,255,0.1);color:var(--accent3);">₩500</span>
</div>
<div class="txn-db-row">
<span style="color:var(--text-dim);">총합:</span>
<span class="txn-db-val" id="dbTotal" style="background:rgba(255,170,0,0.1);color:var(--accent4);">₩1,500</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Transaction state -->
<div class="txn-state-bar">
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.72rem;color:var(--text-dim);">상태:</div>
<div class="txn-state-pill" id="pill-idle" style="border-color:#10b981;color:#10b981;background:rgba(16,185,129,0.12);">IDLE</div>
<div class="txn-state-pill" id="pill-active">ACTIVE</div>
<div class="txn-state-pill" id="pill-commit">COMMITTED</div>
<div class="txn-state-pill" id="pill-rollback">ROLLED BACK</div>
</div>
<!-- Log -->
<div class="txn-log" id="txnLog">
<div class="txn-log-entry info">-- 트랜잭션을 시작하려면 BEGIN 버튼을 클릭하세요</div>
</div>
<!-- Buttons -->
<div class="txn-btns">
<button class="btn" id="txn-begin" style="border-color:#10b981;color:#10b981;" onclick="txnBegin()">BEGIN</button>
<button class="btn" id="txn-transfer" disabled onclick="txnTransfer()">Alice → Bob ₩300 이체</button>
<button class="btn" id="txn-commit" disabled style="border-color:var(--success);color:var(--success);" onclick="txnCommit()">COMMIT</button>
<button class="btn danger" id="txn-rollback" disabled onclick="txnRollback()">ROLLBACK</button>
<button class="btn" id="txn-reset" onclick="txnReset()">리셋</button>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Isolation Levels -->
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.85rem;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:12px;color:#10b981;">격리 수준 (Isolation Levels)</div>
<div style="overflow-x:auto;">
<table class="iso-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>격리 수준</th>
<th>Dirty Read</th>
<th>Non-Repeatable Read</th>
<th>Phantom Read</th>
<th>설명</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="color:var(--text);">READ UNCOMMITTED</td>
<td class="iso-o">발생</td>
<td class="iso-o">발생</td>
<td class="iso-o">발생</td>
<td style="color:var(--text-dim);font-size:0.75rem;">커밋 안 된 데이터 읽기 가능</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="color:var(--text);">READ COMMITTED</td>
<td class="iso-x">없음</td>
<td class="iso-o">발생</td>
<td class="iso-o">발생</td>
<td style="color:var(--text-dim);font-size:0.75rem;">커밋된 데이터만 읽음 (기본값)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="color:var(--text);">REPEATABLE READ</td>
<td class="iso-x">없음</td>
<td class="iso-x">없음</td>
<td class="iso-o">발생</td>
<td style="color:var(--text-dim);font-size:0.75rem;">같은 쿼리는 같은 결과 보장</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="color:var(--text);">SERIALIZABLE</td>
<td class="iso-x">없음</td>
<td class="iso-x">없음</td>
<td class="iso-x">없음</td>
<td style="color:var(--text-dim);font-size:0.75rem;">완전 격리, 성능 비용 높음</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="info-text" style="margin-top:14px;">
<strong style="color:var(--text);">Dirty Read:</strong> 아직 커밋되지 않은 데이터를 다른 트랜잭션이 읽는 현상<br>
<strong style="color:var(--text);">Non-Repeatable Read:</strong> 같은 트랜잭션에서 같은 row를 두 번 읽었을 때 값이 달라지는 현상<br>
<strong style="color:var(--text);">Phantom Read:</strong> 같은 트랜잭션에서 같은 쿼리를 두 번 실행했을 때 없던 행이 생기는 현상
</div>
</div>
</section>
<div class="section-divider"></div>
<!-- ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════
SECTION 4: 인덱스 (Index)
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -->
<section id="index">
<div class="section-header">
<div class="tag tag-ch10">04 — INDEX</div>
<h2>인덱스 (Index)</h2>
<p>인덱스는 데이터 검색 속도를 높이는 자료구조입니다. B+ Tree 구조와 Full Table Scan vs Index Scan의 성능 차이를 직접 비교해 보세요.</p>
</div>
<div class="viz-box">
<!-- B+ Tree -->
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.85rem;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:14px;color:#10b981;">B+ Tree 인덱스 구조 (age 컬럼)</div>
<div class="btree-canvas-wrap" id="btreeViz">
<!-- Root -->
<div class="btree-level">
<div class="btree-node" id="btree-root">
<span class="btree-cell" id="bc-25">25</span>
<span class="btree-cell" id="bc-40">40</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="btree-connector">
<svg width="300" height="24" viewBox="0 0 300 24" style="overflow:visible;">
<line x1="90" y1="0" x2="40" y2="24" stroke="#2a2a3a" stroke-width="1.5"/>
<line x1="150" y1="0" x2="150" y2="24" stroke="#2a2a3a" stroke-width="1.5"/>
<line x1="210" y1="0" x2="260" y2="24" stroke="#2a2a3a" stroke-width="1.5"/>
</svg>
</div>
<!-- Internal nodes -->
<div class="btree-level" style="gap:30px;">
<div class="btree-node" id="btree-n1">
<span class="btree-cell" id="bc-20">20</span>
</div>
<div class="btree-node" id="btree-n2">
<span class="btree-cell" id="bc-30">30</span>
</div>
<div class="btree-node" id="btree-n3">
<span class="btree-cell" id="bc-50">50</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="btree-connector">
<svg width="500" height="24" viewBox="0 0 500 24" style="overflow:visible;">
<line x1="50" y1="0" x2="20" y2="24" stroke="#2a2a3a" stroke-width="1.5"/>
<line x1="70" y1="0" x2="90" y2="24" stroke="#2a2a3a" stroke-width="1.5"/>
<line x1="195" y1="0" x2="175" y2="24" stroke="#2a2a3a" stroke-width="1.5"/>
<line x1="215" y1="0" x2="250" y2="24" stroke="#2a2a3a" stroke-width="1.5"/>
<line x1="360" y1="0" x2="340" y2="24" stroke="#2a2a3a" stroke-width="1.5"/>
<line x1="380" y1="0" x2="430" y2="24" stroke="#2a2a3a" stroke-width="1.5"/>
</svg>
</div>
<!-- Leaf nodes -->
<div class="btree-level" style="gap:10px; flex-wrap: wrap;">
<div class="btree-node btree-leaf">
<span class="btree-cell" id="bc-l-18">18</span>
<span class="btree-cell" id="bc-l-20">20</span>
</div>
<span style="color:#10b981;align-self:center;font-size:0.7rem;">→</span>
<div class="btree-node btree-leaf">
<span class="btree-cell" id="bc-l-22">22</span>
<span class="btree-cell" id="bc-l-25">25</span>
</div>
<span style="color:#10b981;align-self:center;font-size:0.7rem;">→</span>
<div class="btree-node btree-leaf">
<span class="btree-cell" id="bc-l-28">28</span>
<span class="btree-cell" id="bc-l-30">30</span>
</div>
<span style="color:#10b981;align-self:center;font-size:0.7rem;">→</span>
<div class="btree-node btree-leaf">
<span class="btree-cell" id="bc-l-34">34</span>
<span class="btree-cell" id="bc-l-40">40</span>
</div>
<span style="color:#10b981;align-self:center;font-size:0.7rem;">→</span>
<div class="btree-node btree-leaf">
<span class="btree-cell" id="bc-l-41">41</span>
<span class="btree-cell" id="bc-l-50">50</span>
</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.72rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-top:14px;text-align:center;">
리프 노드는 실제 데이터 포인터를 가지며 연결 리스트로 이어져 범위 검색에 유리합니다
</div>
</div>
<!-- Scan Demo -->
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.85rem;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:12px;color:#10b981;">Full Table Scan vs Index Scan</div>
<div class="index-btns">
<button class="btn" onclick="runScan('full')">Full Table Scan 실행</button>
<button class="btn" onclick="runScan('index')">Index Scan 실행</button>
<button class="btn" onclick="resetScan()">리셋</button>
</div>
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.78rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-bottom:12px;">
검색 조건: <span style="color:#10b981;">WHERE age = 34</span>
</div>
<div class="scan-demo">
<div class="scan-box">
<div class="scan-box-title" style="color:var(--danger);">Full Table Scan<br><span style="font-size:0.7rem;color:var(--text-dim);font-weight:400;">모든 행 순차 검사</span></div>
<div class="scan-rows" id="fullScanRows"></div>
<div class="scan-stats" id="fullScanStats"></div>
</div>
<div class="scan-box">
<div class="scan-box-title" style="color:var(--success);">Index Scan<br><span style="font-size:0.7rem;color:var(--text-dim);font-weight:400;">B+ Tree 경로 탐색</span></div>
<div class="scan-rows" id="indexScanRows"></div>
<div class="scan-stats" id="indexScanStats"></div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Composite Index -->
<div class="composite-box">
<div class="composite-title">복합 인덱스 (Composite Index)</div>
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.78rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-bottom:14px;">
INDEX(city, age) — 왼쪽 접두사 규칙: 가장 왼쪽 컬럼부터 순서대로 사용해야 인덱스가 적용됩니다
</div>
<div class="composite-row">
<span class="composite-key">city = '서울'</span>
<span class="composite-arrow">→</span>
<span class="composite-desc" style="color:var(--success);">인덱스 사용 O (city는 첫 번째 컬럼)</span>
</div>
<div class="composite-row">
<span class="composite-key">city = '서울' AND age = 28</span>
<span class="composite-arrow">→</span>
<span class="composite-desc" style="color:var(--success);">인덱스 사용 O (두 컬럼 모두 활용)</span>
</div>
<div class="composite-row">
<span class="composite-key">age = 28</span>
<span class="composite-arrow">→</span>
<span class="composite-desc" style="color:var(--danger);">인덱스 사용 X (city 없이 age만 조회)</span>
</div>
<div class="composite-row">
<span class="composite-key">city LIKE '%서울%'</span>
<span class="composite-arrow">→</span>
<span class="composite-desc" style="color:var(--danger);">인덱스 사용 X (앞에 % 와일드카드)</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<div class="section-divider"></div>
<!-- ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════
SECTION 5: NoSQL vs SQL
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════ -->
<section id="nosql">
<div class="section-header">
<div class="tag tag-ch10">05 — NoSQL vs SQL</div>
<h2>NoSQL vs SQL</h2>
<p>관계형 DB와 NoSQL DB의 차이를 비교하고, Redis의 다양한 데이터 구조와 분산 시스템의 CAP 정리를 시각적으로 이해합니다.</p>
</div>
<div class="viz-box">
<!-- Comparison Table -->
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.85rem;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:14px;color:#10b981;">SQL vs NoSQL 비교</div>
<div style="overflow-x:auto;margin-bottom:28px;">
<table class="compare-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>항목</th>
<th class="sql-col-h">SQL (관계형 DB)</th>
<th class="nosql-col-h">NoSQL</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>스키마</td>
<td>고정 스키마 (ALTER TABLE 필요)</td>
<td>유연한 스키마 (필드 자유롭게 추가)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>데이터 모델</td>
<td>테이블 (행 & 열)</td>
<td>Document, Key-Value, Graph, Column</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>확장 방식</td>
<td>수직 확장 (Scale-Up) 주로 사용</td>
<td>수평 확장 (Scale-Out) 용이</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ACID</td>
<td style="color:var(--success);">완전 지원</td>
<td style="color:var(--accent4);">부분 지원 (BASE 모델)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>JOIN</td>
<td style="color:var(--success);">자유로운 JOIN 연산</td>
<td style="color:var(--danger);">JOIN 미지원 (비정규화로 해결)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>쿼리 언어</td>
<td>SQL 표준</td>
<td>DB마다 고유 API (통일 없음)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>주요 사용처</td>
<td>금융, ERP, 전자상거래 (강한 일관성)</td>
<td>SNS, 실시간 채팅, 빅데이터, 캐시</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>대표 제품</td>
<td>MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle</td>
<td>MongoDB, Redis, Cassandra, DynamoDB</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<!-- Redis Data Structures -->
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.85rem;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:14px;color:#10b981;">Redis 데이터 구조</div>
<div class="redis-tabs">
<div class="redis-tab active" onclick="selectRedis('string')">String</div>
<div class="redis-tab" onclick="selectRedis('list')">List</div>
<div class="redis-tab" onclick="selectRedis('set')">Set</div>
<div class="redis-tab" onclick="selectRedis('hash')">Hash</div>
<div class="redis-tab" onclick="selectRedis('zset')">Sorted Set</div>
</div>
<!-- String -->
<div class="redis-content active" id="redis-string">
<div class="redis-visual">
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.78rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-bottom:12px;">가장 기본적인 자료형. 문자열, 숫자, 직렬화된 JSON 등 저장</div>
<div class="redis-kv">
<span class="redis-key">user:1:name</span>
<span style="color:var(--text-dim);">=</span>
<span class="redis-val">"Alice"</span>
<span class="redis-type">SET user:1:name "Alice"</span>
</div>
<div class="redis-kv">
<span class="redis-key">user:1:age</span>
<span style="color:var(--text-dim);">=</span>
<span class="redis-val">28</span>
<span class="redis-type">INCR user:1:age → 29</span>
</div>
<div class="redis-kv">
<span class="redis-key">session:abc123</span>
<span style="color:var(--text-dim);">=</span>
<span class="redis-val">"token_xyz" TTL:3600s</span>
<span class="redis-type">SETEX (만료 시간 포함)</span>
</div>
<div class="info-text" style="margin-top:12px;">사용: 세션 토큰, 카운터, 캐시, 분산 락</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- List -->
<div class="redis-content" id="redis-list">
<div class="redis-visual">
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.78rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-bottom:12px;">양방향 연결 리스트. LPUSH/RPUSH로 삽입, LPOP/RPOP으로 제거</div>
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.75rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-bottom:8px;">feed:timeline → [0] → [1] → [2] → [3] → [4]</div>
<div class="redis-list-items">
<div class="redis-list-item index0">[0] "뉴스C (최신)"</div>
<div class="redis-list-item">[1] "뉴스B"</div>
<div class="redis-list-item">[2] "뉴스A"</div>
<div class="redis-list-item">[3] "뉴스Z"</div>
<div class="redis-list-item">[4] "뉴스Y (오래됨)"</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.75rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-top:14px;">
LPUSH feed:timeline "뉴스C" | LRANGE feed:timeline 0 9 | LTRIM feed:timeline 0 99
</div>
<div class="info-text" style="margin-top:12px;">사용: 뉴스피드, 메시지 큐, 최근 방문 기록</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Set -->
<div class="redis-content" id="redis-set">
<div class="redis-visual">
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.78rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-bottom:12px;">중복 없는 집합. 교집합/합집합/차집합 연산 지원</div>
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.75rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-bottom:10px;">tags:post:1 (순서 없음, 중복 불가)</div>
<div class="redis-set-items">
<div class="redis-set-item">javascript</div>
<div class="redis-set-item">database</div>
<div class="redis-set-item">redis</div>
<div class="redis-set-item">nosql</div>
<div class="redis-set-item">backend</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.75rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-top:14px;">
SADD tags:post:1 "redis" | SISMEMBER → 존재 여부<br>
SINTER tags:post:1 tags:post:2 → 공통 태그 (교집합)
</div>
<div class="info-text" style="margin-top:12px;">사용: 태그 시스템, 팔로워/팔로잉, 좋아요 목록, 방문자 집합</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Hash -->
<div class="redis-content" id="redis-hash">
<div class="redis-visual">
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.78rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-bottom:12px;">필드-값 쌍의 맵. 객체를 효율적으로 저장 (각 필드 개별 접근 가능)</div>
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.75rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-bottom:10px;">user:1001</div>
<table class="redis-hash-table">
<tbody>
<tr><td>name</td><td>"Alice"</td></tr>
<tr><td>age</td><td>28</td></tr>
<tr><td>city</td><td>"서울"</td></tr>
<tr><td>score</td><td>9850</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.75rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-top:14px;">
HSET user:1001 name "Alice" age 28<br>
HGET user:1001 name → "Alice"<br>
HINCRBY user:1001 score 150 → 10000
</div>
<div class="info-text" style="margin-top:12px;">사용: 사용자 프로필, 상품 정보, 설정값 저장</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Sorted Set -->
<div class="redis-content" id="redis-zset">
<div class="redis-visual">
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.78rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-bottom:12px;">각 멤버에 점수(score)를 부여해 정렬된 집합. 범위 조회 O(log N)</div>
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.75rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-bottom:10px;">leaderboard:game (score 기준 정렬)</div>
<div class="redis-zset-items">
<div class="redis-zset-item"><span class="redis-zset-rank">#1</span><span class="redis-zset-member">Alice</span><span class="redis-zset-score">9850</span></div>
<div class="redis-zset-item"><span class="redis-zset-rank">#2</span><span class="redis-zset-member">Carol</span><span class="redis-zset-score">7200</span></div>
<div class="redis-zset-item"><span class="redis-zset-rank">#3</span><span class="redis-zset-member">Bob</span><span class="redis-zset-score">5500</span></div>
<div class="redis-zset-item"><span class="redis-zset-rank">#4</span><span class="redis-zset-member">Dave</span><span class="redis-zset-score">3100</span></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.75rem;color:var(--text-dim);margin-top:14px;">
ZADD leaderboard 9850 "Alice"<br>
ZREVRANK leaderboard "Bob" → 2 (0-indexed)<br>
ZREVRANGE leaderboard 0 9 WITHSCORES → Top 10
</div>
<div class="info-text" style="margin-top:12px;">사용: 실시간 리더보드, 우선순위 큐, 시간순 피드</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- CAP Theorem -->
<div style="font-family:'JetBrains Mono',monospace;font-size:0.85rem;font-weight:600;margin-top:28px;margin-bottom:14px;color:#10b981;">CAP 정리 (CAP Theorem)</div>
<div class="cap-triangle">
<svg viewBox="0 0 360 280" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<defs>
<filter id="glow-cap">
<feGaussianBlur stdDeviation="3" result="coloredBlur"/>
<feMerge><feMergeNode in="coloredBlur"/><feMergeNode in="SourceGraphic"/></feMerge>
</filter>
</defs>
<!-- Triangle fill zones -->
<!-- CP zone (left) -->
<polygon points="180,30 60,240 180,240" fill="rgba(107,138,255,0.07)" stroke="none"/>
<!-- AP zone (right) -->
<polygon points="180,30 180,240 300,240" fill="rgba(16,185,129,0.07)" stroke="none"/>
<!-- CA zone (bottom) -->
<polygon points="60,240 180,240 300,240 180,240" fill="rgba(255,170,0,0.07)" stroke="none"/>
<!-- Main triangle -->
<polygon points="180,30 60,240 300,240"
fill="none"
stroke="#2a2a3a"
stroke-width="2"/>
<!-- Vertex glow circles -->
<circle cx="180" cy="30" r="6" fill="#a855f7" filter="url(#glow-cap)" opacity="0.9"/>
<circle cx="60" cy="240" r="6" fill="var(--accent3)" filter="url(#glow-cap)" opacity="0.9"/>
<circle cx="300" cy="240" r="6" fill="#10b981" filter="url(#glow-cap)" opacity="0.9"/>
<!-- Labels -->
<text x="180" y="16" text-anchor="middle" fill="#a855f7" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="13" font-weight="700">C</text>
<text x="180" y="4" text-anchor="middle" fill="#a855f7" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="9" dy="24">Consistency</text>
<text x="32" y="246" text-anchor="middle" fill="#6b8aff" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="13" font-weight="700">A</text>
<text x="34" y="258" text-anchor="middle" fill="#6b8aff" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="9">Availability</text>
<text x="328" y="246" text-anchor="middle" fill="#10b981" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="13" font-weight="700">P</text>
<text x="328" y="258" text-anchor="middle" fill="#10b981" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="9">Partition</text>
<text x="328" y="268" text-anchor="middle" fill="#10b981" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="9">Tolerance</text>
<!-- DB labels inside -->
<text x="116" y="150" text-anchor="middle" fill="#6b8aff" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="9.5" opacity="0.85">CP</text>
<text x="105" y="162" text-anchor="middle" fill="#8888aa" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="8.5" opacity="0.7">HBase</text>
<text x="105" y="173" text-anchor="middle" fill="#8888aa" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="8.5" opacity="0.7">MongoDB</text>
<text x="105" y="184" text-anchor="middle" fill="#8888aa" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="8.5" opacity="0.7">Redis</text>
<text x="244" y="150" text-anchor="middle" fill="#10b981" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="9.5" opacity="0.85">AP</text>
<text x="255" y="162" text-anchor="middle" fill="#8888aa" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="8.5" opacity="0.7">Cassandra</text>
<text x="255" y="173" text-anchor="middle" fill="#8888aa" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="8.5" opacity="0.7">DynamoDB</text>
<text x="255" y="184" text-anchor="middle" fill="#8888aa" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="8.5" opacity="0.7">CouchDB</text>
<text x="180" y="225" text-anchor="middle" fill="#a855f7" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="9.5" opacity="0.85">CA</text>
<text x="180" y="237" text-anchor="middle" fill="#8888aa" font-family="JetBrains Mono,monospace" font-size="8.5" opacity="0.7">MySQL · PostgreSQL</text>
<!-- "분산 환경에선 P 필수" note -->
<text x="180" y="270" text-anchor="middle" fill="#8888aa" font-family="Noto Sans KR,sans-serif" font-size="8.5">분산 환경에서 P(Partition Tolerance)는 필수 — CA 선택 불가</text>
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</div>
<div class="cap-explain">
<div class="cap-card">
<div class="cap-card-letter" style="color:#a855f7;">C</div>
<div class="cap-card-word">Consistency</div>
<div class="cap-card-desc">모든 노드가 동시에 같은 데이터를 볼 수 있음. 읽기 요청은 항상 최신 쓰기 결과를 반환</div>
</div>
<div class="cap-card">
<div class="cap-card-letter" style="color:#6b8aff;">A</div>
<div class="cap-card-word">Availability</div>
<div class="cap-card-desc">모든 요청에 항상 응답. 일부 노드가 장애여도 시스템이 응답을 반환 (오래된 데이터일 수 있음)</div>
</div>
<div class="cap-card">
<div class="cap-card-letter" style="color:#10b981;">P</div>
<div class="cap-card-word">Partition Tolerance</div>
<div class="cap-card-desc">네트워크 분단(파티션) 발생 시에도 시스템이 동작 지속. 분산 시스템에서 사실상 필수</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-text" style="margin-top:16px;">
CAP 정리: 분산 시스템은 Consistency, Availability, Partition Tolerance 중 <strong style="color:var(--text);">동시에 2가지만</strong> 보장할 수 있습니다. 실제 분산 환경에서 P는 피할 수 없으므로, C와 A 중 어느 쪽을 우선할지 선택해야 합니다.
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</div>
</section>
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<script>
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// SECTION 1: SQL & JOIN
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════
const USERS = [
{ id: 1, name: 'Alice', age: 28 },
{ id: 2, name: 'Bob', age: 34 },
{ id: 3, name: 'Carol', age: 22 },
{ id: 4, name: 'Dave', age: 41 },
];
const ORDERS = [
{ id: 101, user_id: 1, product: 'Laptop', amount: 1200 },
{ id: 102, user_id: 2, product: 'Mouse', amount: 35 },
{ id: 103, user_id: 1, product: 'Monitor', amount: 450 },
{ id: 104, user_id: 5, product: 'Keyboard', amount: 85 },
];
let currentJoin = 'INNER';
let whereActive = false;
function selectJoin(type) {
currentJoin = type;
['INNER','LEFT','RIGHT'].forEach(t => {
const btn = document.getElementById('btn-' + t.toLowerCase());
btn.classList.toggle('active', t === type);
});
renderSQL();
}
function toggleWhere() {
whereActive = !whereActive;
const btn = document.getElementById('btn-where');
btn.textContent = whereActive ? 'amount > 100' : '없음';
btn.classList.toggle('active', whereActive);
renderSQL();
}
function renderSQL() {
const whereClause = whereActive ? '\n <span class="sql-kw">WHERE</span> o.amount > 100' : '';
document.getElementById('sqlQuery').innerHTML =
`<span class="sql-kw">SELECT</span> <span class="sql-col">u.id, u.name, u.age, o.product, o.amount</span><br>` +
`<span class="sql-kw">FROM</span> <span class="sql-tbl">users</span> u<br>` +
`<span class="sql-kw">${currentJoin} JOIN</span> <span class="sql-tbl">orders</span> o <span class="sql-kw">ON</span> u.id = o.user_id` +
whereClause;
const rows = computeJoin(currentJoin, whereActive);
const thead = `<thead><tr><th>u.id</th><th>u.name</th><th>u.age</th><th>o.product</th><th>o.amount</th></tr></thead>`;
let tbody = '<tbody>';
if (rows.length === 0) {
tbody += `<tr><td colspan="5" style="text-align:center;color:var(--text-dim);padding:16px;">결과 없음</td></tr>`;
} else {
rows.forEach(r => {
const isNull = r.product === null;
tbody += `<tr class="${isNull ? 'null-row' : ''}">
<td>${r.uid ?? '<em>NULL</em>'}</td>
<td>${r.name ?? '<em>NULL</em>'}</td>
<td>${r.age ?? '<em>NULL</em>'}</td>
<td>${r.product ?? '<em>NULL</em>'}</td>
<td>${r.amount != null ? '₩' + r.amount.toLocaleString() : '<em>NULL</em>'}</td>
</tr>`;
});
}
tbody += '</tbody>';
document.getElementById('sqlResultTable').innerHTML = thead + tbody;
const nullNote = rows.filter(r => r.product === null || r.uid === null).length > 0
? ' · NULL 행: 매칭되지 않은 레코드 (NULL로 채워짐)' : '';
document.getElementById('sqlInfo').innerHTML =
`결과: <span style="color:#10b981;">${rows.length}행</span> · ${currentJoin} JOIN${whereActive ? ' + WHERE amount > 100' : ''}${nullNote}`;
}
function computeJoin(type, withWhere) {
const results = [];
if (type === 'INNER') {
USERS.forEach(u => {