UnitTest.cpp

/*
 * Tencent is pleased to support the open source community by making
 * MMKV available.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2020 THL A29 Limited, a Tencent company.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Licensed under the BSD 3-Clause License (the "License"); you may not use
 * this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
 * the License at
 *
 *       https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#include <MMKV/MMKV.h>
#include "CodedInputData.h"
#include "CodedOutputData.h"
#include "KeyValueHolder.h"
#include "PBUtility.h"
#include "aes/AESCrypt.h"
#include "crc32/Checksum.h"
#include "MemoryFile.h"
#include "MMKVMetaInfo.hpp"
#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <atomic>
#include <cassert>
#include <chrono>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <filesystem>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <limits.h>
#include <limits>
#include <numeric>
#include <new>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <thread>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;
using namespace mmkv;

static const string KeyNotExist = "KeyNotExist";

void testBool(MMKV *mmkv) {
    auto ret = mmkv->set(true, "bool");
    assert(ret);

    auto value = mmkv->getBool("bool");
    assert(value);

    value = mmkv->getBool(KeyNotExist);
    assert(!value);

    value = mmkv->getBool(KeyNotExist, true);
    assert(value);

    printf("test bool: passed\n");
}

void testInt32(MMKV *mmkv) {
    auto ret = mmkv->set(numeric_limits<int32_t>::max(), "int32");
    assert(ret);

    auto value = mmkv->getInt32("int32");
    assert(value == numeric_limits<int32_t>::max());

    value = mmkv->getInt32(KeyNotExist);
    assert(value == 0);

    value = mmkv->getInt32(KeyNotExist, -1);
    assert(value == -1);

    printf("test int32: passed\n");
}

void testUInt32(MMKV *mmkv) {
    auto ret = mmkv->set(numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max(), "uint32");
    assert(ret);

    auto value = mmkv->getUInt32("uint32");
    assert(value == numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max());

    value = mmkv->getUInt32(KeyNotExist);
    assert(value == 0);

    value = mmkv->getUInt32(KeyNotExist, -1);
    assert(value == -1);

    printf("test uint32: passed\n");
}

void testInt64(MMKV *mmkv) {
    auto ret = mmkv->set(numeric_limits<int64_t>::min(), "int64");
    assert(ret);

    auto value = mmkv->getInt64("int64");
    assert(value == numeric_limits<int64_t>::min());

    value = mmkv->getInt64(KeyNotExist);
    assert(value == 0);

    value = mmkv->getInt64(KeyNotExist, -1);
    assert(value == -1);

    printf("test int64: passed\n");
}

void testUInt64(MMKV *mmkv) {
    auto ret = mmkv->set(numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max(), "uint64");
    assert(ret);

    auto value = mmkv->getUInt64("uint64");
    assert(value == numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());

    value = mmkv->getUInt64(KeyNotExist);
    assert(value == 0);

    value = mmkv->getUInt64(KeyNotExist, -1);
    assert(value == -1);

    printf("test uint64: passed\n");
}

template <typename T>
bool EqualWithAccuracy(T value1, T value2, T accuracy) {
    return fabs(value1 - value2) <= accuracy;
}

void testFloat(MMKV *mmkv) {
    auto ret = mmkv->set(numeric_limits<float>::max(), "float");
    assert(ret);

    auto value = mmkv->getFloat("float");
    assert(EqualWithAccuracy(value, numeric_limits<float>::max(), 0.001f));

    value = mmkv->getFloat(KeyNotExist);
    assert(EqualWithAccuracy(value, 0.0f, 0.001f));

    value = mmkv->getFloat(KeyNotExist, -1.0f);
    assert(EqualWithAccuracy(value, -1.0f, 0.001f));

    printf("test float: passed\n");
}

void testDouble(MMKV *mmkv) {
    auto ret = mmkv->set(numeric_limits<double>::max(), "double");
    assert(ret);

    auto value = mmkv->getDouble("double");
    assert(EqualWithAccuracy(value, numeric_limits<double>::max(), 0.001));

    value = mmkv->getDouble(KeyNotExist);
    assert(EqualWithAccuracy(value, 0.0, 0.001));

    value = mmkv->getDouble(KeyNotExist, -1.0);
    assert(EqualWithAccuracy(value, -1.0, 0.001));

    printf("test double: passed\n");
}

void testString(MMKV *mmkv) {
    string str = "Hello 2018 world cup 世界杯";
    auto ret = mmkv->set(str, "string");
    assert(ret);

    string value;
    ret = mmkv->getString("string", value);
    assert(ret && str == value);

    const char *cString = "Hello 2022 world cup 世界杯";
    ret = mmkv->set(cString, "cstring");
    assert(ret);

    ret = mmkv->getString("cstring", value);
    assert(ret && value == cString);

    ret = mmkv->getString(KeyNotExist, value);
    assert(!ret);

    printf("test string: passed\n");
}

void testBytes(MMKV *mmkv) {
    string str = "Hello 2018 world cup 世界杯";
    MMBuffer buffer((void *) str.data(), str.length(), MMBufferNoCopy);
    auto ret = mmkv->set(buffer, "bytes");
    assert(ret);

    auto value = mmkv->getBytes("bytes");
    assert(value.length() == buffer.length() && memcmp(value.getPtr(), buffer.getPtr(), value.length()) == 0);

    value = mmkv->getBytes(KeyNotExist);
    assert(value.length() == 0);

    printf("test bytes: passed\n");
}

void testVector(MMKV *mmkv) {
    vector<string> v = {"1", "0", "2", "4"};
    auto ret = mmkv->set(v, "vector");
    assert(ret);

    vector<string> value;
    ret = mmkv->getVector("vector", value);
    assert(ret && value == v);

    printf("test vector: passed\n");
}

namespace {
// Test-only access to synthesize a large logical value without allocating it.
MMKVMap *&expirationTestDictionary(MMKV &kv);
template <MMKVMap *MMKV::*Member> struct ExpirationDictionaryAccess {
    friend MMKVMap *&expirationTestDictionary(MMKV &kv) { return kv.*Member; }
};
template struct ExpirationDictionaryAccess<&MMKV::m_dic>;
}

void testExpirationMigrationAggregateLimit() {
    const string id = "expiration_aggregate_limit_test";
    auto kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(id);
    kv->clearAll();
    assert(kv->set("before", "k"));
    assert(kv->enableCompareBeforeSet());

    auto &holder = expirationTestDictionary(*kv)->at("k");
    const auto originalSize = holder.valueSize;
    // With a one-byte key, migration adds 11 bytes per entry and a four-byte
    // map placeholder. UINT32_MAX total is one byte beyond the temporary
    // protobuf buffer's limit; the next case also exceeds the file-size limit.
    for (uint32_t extra = 0; extra <= 1; ++extra) {
        holder.valueSize = numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max() - 15 + extra;
        const auto enabled = kv->enableAutoKeyExpire(60);
        holder.valueSize = originalSize;
        assert(!enabled);
        assert(!kv->isExpirationEnabled());
        assert(kv->isCompareBeforeSetEnabled());
        string value;
        assert(kv->getString("k", value) && value == "before");
    }
    kv->close();
    kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(id);
    string value;
    assert(kv->getString("k", value) && value == "before");
    assert(!kv->isExpirationEnabled());
    kv->close();
    printf("test expiration migration aggregate limit: passed\n");
}

void testOversizedKey(MMKV *mmkv) {
    // Keys at or below 65531 bytes should work normally
    {
        string key(65531, 'A');
        auto ret = mmkv->set("V", key);
        assert(ret);
        string out;
        ret = mmkv->getString(key, out);
        assert(ret && out == "V");

        // The key still fits, but a two-byte value-length prefix would overflow
        // KeyValueHolder::computedKVSize. Reject the update before writing it.
        assert(!mmkv->set(string(127, 'V'), key));
        assert(mmkv->getString(key, out) && out == "V");
        mmkv->removeValueForKey(key);
        assert(!mmkv->set(string(127, 'V'), key));
        assert(!mmkv->containsKey(key));
    }
    // Keys at 65532 bytes and above must be rejected (would overflow uint16_t fields)
    {
        string key(65532, 'B');
        auto ret = mmkv->set("V", key);
        assert(!ret);
        string out;
        ret = mmkv->getString(key, out);
        assert(!ret);
    }
    {
        string key(70000, 'C');
        auto ret = mmkv->set("V", key);
        assert(!ret);
    }
    {
        auto expiring = MMKV::mmkvWithID("oversized_expiration_transition_test");
        expiring->clearAll();
        string key(65531, 'D');
        string storedValue(124, 'V');
        assert(expiring->set(storedValue, key));
        assert(!expiring->enableAutoKeyExpire());
        assert(!expiring->isExpirationEnabled());
        string out;
        assert(expiring->getString(key, out) && out == storedValue);
        expiring->clearAll();
    }

    printf("test oversized key: passed\n");
}

void testOversizedValue(MMKV *mmkv) {
    uint8_t sentinel = 0;
    MMBuffer boundary(&sentinel,
                      static_cast<size_t>(numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) - 5,
                      MMBufferNoCopy);
    string value;

    mmkv->clearAll();
    assert(mmkv->set("before", "value"));
    assert(!mmkv->set(boundary, "value"));
    assert(mmkv->getString("value", value) && value == "before");
    assert(mmkv->set("after", "value"));
    assert(mmkv->getString("value", value) && value == "after");

    if (numeric_limits<size_t>::max() > numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) {
        MMBuffer oversized(&sentinel, static_cast<size_t>(numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) + 1, MMBufferNoCopy);

        mmkv->clearAll();
        assert(!mmkv->set(oversized, "oversized-append"));
        assert(mmkv->set("after", "value"));
        assert(mmkv->getString("value", value) && value == "after");

        mmkv->clearAll();
        assert(mmkv->set("before", "value"));
        assert(!mmkv->set(oversized, "value"));
        assert(mmkv->getString("value", value) && value == "before");
        assert(mmkv->set("after", "value"));
        assert(mmkv->getString("value", value) && value == "after");
    }

    auto expiring = MMKV::mmkvWithID("oversized_expiring_value_test");
    expiring->clearAll();
    assert(expiring->enableAutoKeyExpire());
    if (numeric_limits<size_t>::max() > numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) {
        MMBuffer oversized(&sentinel, static_cast<size_t>(numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) + 1, MMBufferNoCopy);
        assert(!expiring->set(oversized, "value", 60));
    }
    assert(expiring->set("after", "value", 60));
    assert(expiring->getString("value", value) && value == "after");
    expiring->clearAll();

    printf("test oversized value: passed\n");
}

void testFileValidation(const string &rootDir) {
    const string validationID = "file_validation_test";
    MMKV::removeStorage(validationID);
    auto mmkv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(validationID);
    mmkv->clearAll();
    assert(mmkv->set("value", "key"));
    mmkv->sync(MMKV_SYNC);
    mmkv->close();

    // Current-format files keep their actual size in metadata, not in the
    // first four data bytes.
    assert(MMKV::isFileValid(validationID));

    auto crcPath = rootDir + "/" + validationID + ".crc";
    assert(truncate(crcPath.c_str(), sizeof(uint32_t)) == 0);
    assert(!MMKV::isFileValid(validationID));
    assert(MMKV::removeStorage(validationID));

    printf("test file validation: passed\n");
}

void testTinyFileRecovery(const string &rootDir) {
    class RecoverHandler final : public MMKVHandler {
    public:
        size_t fileLengthErrorCount = 0;
        MMKVRecoverStrategic onMMKVFileLengthError(const string &) override {
            fileLengthErrorCount++;
            return OnErrorRecover;
        }
    } handler;
    MMKV::registerHandler(&handler);
    for (size_t fileSize = 1; fileSize <= Fixed32Size; fileSize++) {
        auto mmapID = "tiny_file_" + to_string(fileSize);
        MMKV::removeStorage(mmapID);
        auto mmkv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(mmapID);
        mmkv->clearAll();
        assert(mmkv->set("value", "key"));
        mmkv->sync(MMKV_SYNC);
        mmkv->close();

        auto path = rootDir + "/" + mmapID;
        assert(truncate(path.c_str(), static_cast<off_t>(fileSize)) == 0);
        assert(!MMKV::isFileValid(mmapID));

        auto readOnly = MMKV::mmkvWithID(mmapID, MMKV_SINGLE_PROCESS | MMKV_READ_ONLY);
        assert(readOnly && readOnly->count() == 0);
        assert(handler.fileLengthErrorCount == fileSize);
        readOnly->close();
        assert(MMKV::removeStorage(mmapID));
    }
    MMKV::unRegisterHandler();

    printf("test tiny-file recovery: passed\n");
}

void testExpirationOverflow() {
    auto mmkv = MMKV::mmkvWithID("expiration_overflow_test");
    mmkv->clearAll();
    assert(mmkv->enableAutoKeyExpire(numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()));

    auto ret = mmkv->set(true, "expiration_overflow_auto");
    assert(ret);
    assert(mmkv->getBool("expiration_overflow_auto"));

    ret = mmkv->set("manual", "expiration_overflow_manual", numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max());
    assert(ret);
    string value;
    ret = mmkv->getString("expiration_overflow_manual", value);
    assert(ret && value == "manual");

    string bytes = "bytes";
    MMBuffer buffer((void *) bytes.data(), bytes.length(), MMBufferNoCopy);
    ret = mmkv->set(buffer, "expiration_overflow_bytes", numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max());
    assert(ret);
    auto out = mmkv->getBytes("expiration_overflow_bytes");
    assert(out.length() == buffer.length() && memcmp(out.getPtr(), buffer.getPtr(), out.length()) == 0);

    assert(mmkv->count(true) == 3);
    mmkv->clearAll();

    printf("test expiration overflow: passed\n");
}

void testCodedOutputBounds() {
    array<uint8_t, 16> storage;

    storage.fill(0xA5);
    CodedOutputData fixedOutput(storage.data(), 3);
    bool rejected = false;
    try {
        fixedOutput.writeRawLittleEndian32(0x12345678);
    } catch (const out_of_range &) {
        rejected = true;
    }
    assert(rejected && fixedOutput.getPosition() == 0 && storage[0] == 0xA5);

    storage.fill(0xA5);
    CodedOutputData shortVarint(storage.data(), 1);
    rejected = false;
    try {
        shortVarint.writeUInt32(128);
    } catch (const out_of_range &) {
        rejected = true;
    }
    assert(rejected && shortVarint.getPosition() == 0 && storage[0] == 0xA5);

    constexpr array<uint32_t, 6> values32 = {0, 127, 128, 16383, 16384, numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()};
    const vector<vector<uint8_t>> expected32 = {
        {0x00}, {0x7f}, {0x80, 0x01}, {0xff, 0x7f}, {0x80, 0x80, 0x01}, {0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x0f},
    };
    for (size_t index = 0; index < values32.size(); index++) {
        storage.fill(0);
        CodedOutputData output(storage.data(), storage.size());
        output.writeUInt32(values32[index]);
        assert(output.getPosition() == expected32[index].size());
        assert(equal(expected32[index].begin(), expected32[index].end(), storage.begin()));
    }

    constexpr array<uint8_t, 5> wideLength = {0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0x80, 0x08};
    CodedInputData wideInput(wideLength.data(), wideLength.size());
    rejected = false;
    try {
        wideInput.readData(false);
    } catch (const out_of_range &) {
        rejected = true;
    }
    assert(rejected);

    storage.fill(0);
    CodedOutputData signedOutput(storage.data(), storage.size());
    signedOutput.writeInt32(-1);
    CodedInputData signedInput(storage.data(), signedOutput.getPosition());
    assert(signedInput.readInt32() == -1);

    constexpr array<uint64_t, 6> values64 = {0, 127, 128, 16383, 16384, numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()};
    const vector<vector<uint8_t>> expected64 = {
        {0x00},
        {0x7f},
        {0x80, 0x01},
        {0xff, 0x7f},
        {0x80, 0x80, 0x01},
        {0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x01},
    };
    for (size_t index = 0; index < values64.size(); index++) {
        storage.fill(0);
        CodedOutputData output(storage.data(), storage.size());
        output.writeUInt64(values64[index]);
        assert(output.getPosition() == expected64[index].size());
        assert(equal(expected64[index].begin(), expected64[index].end(), storage.begin()));
    }

    storage.fill(0);
    CodedOutputData littleEndianOutput(storage.data(), sizeof(uint32_t));
    littleEndianOutput.writeRawLittleEndian32(0x12345678);
    constexpr array<uint8_t, 4> littleEndian32 = {0x78, 0x56, 0x34, 0x12};
    assert(equal(littleEndian32.begin(), littleEndian32.end(), storage.begin()));

    const char payload[] = "data";
    storage.fill(0xA5);
    CodedOutputData dataOutput(storage.data(), 4);
    rejected = false;
    try {
        dataOutput.writeData(MMBuffer((void *) payload, 4, MMBufferNoCopy));
    } catch (const out_of_range &) {
        rejected = true;
    }
    assert(rejected && dataOutput.getPosition() == 0 && all_of(storage.begin(), storage.end(), [](auto byte) {
               return byte == 0xA5;
           }));

    storage.fill(0xA5);
    CodedOutputData stringOutput(storage.data(), 4);
    rejected = false;
    try {
        stringOutput.writeString("data");
    } catch (const out_of_range &) {
        rejected = true;
    }
    assert(rejected && stringOutput.getPosition() == 0 && all_of(storage.begin(), storage.end(), [](auto byte) {
               return byte == 0xA5;
           }));

    CodedOutputData positionOutput(storage.data(), 4);
    positionOutput.setPosition(2);
    rejected = false;
    try {
        positionOutput.seek(3);
    } catch (const out_of_range &) {
        rejected = true;
    }
    assert(rejected && positionOutput.getPosition() == 2);
    rejected = false;
    try {
        positionOutput.setPosition(5);
    } catch (const out_of_range &) {
        rejected = true;
    }
    assert(rejected && positionOutput.getPosition() == 2);

    if (numeric_limits<size_t>::max() > numeric_limits<int32_t>::max()) {
        storage.fill(0xA5);
        MMBuffer wideValue(storage.data(), static_cast<size_t>(numeric_limits<int32_t>::max()) + 1, MMBufferNoCopy);
        CodedOutputData output(storage.data(), storage.size());
        rejected = false;
        try {
            output.writeData(wideValue);
        } catch (const out_of_range &) {
            rejected = true;
        }
        assert(rejected && output.getPosition() == 0 && storage[0] == 0xA5);
    }
    if (numeric_limits<size_t>::max() > numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) {
        storage.fill(0xA5);
        MMBuffer oversized(storage.data(), static_cast<size_t>(numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) + 1,
                           MMBufferNoCopy);
        CodedOutputData output(storage.data(), storage.size());
        rejected = false;
        try {
            output.writeData(oversized);
        } catch (const length_error &) {
            rejected = true;
        }
        assert(rejected && output.getPosition() == 0 && storage[0] == 0xA5);
    }

    MMBuffer smallBuffer(16);
    memset(smallBuffer.getPtr(), 0x5A, smallBuffer.length());
    MMBuffer limitedBuffer(std::move(smallBuffer), 256);
    assert(limitedBuffer.length() == 16);

    printf("test coded output bounds: passed\n");
}

void testExpirationAlignment() {
    auto mmkv = MMKV::mmkvWithID("expiration_alignment_test");
    mmkv->clearAll();
    assert(mmkv->enableAutoKeyExpire());
    for (size_t length = 1; length <= 4; length++) {
        auto key = "alignment-" + to_string(length);
        assert(mmkv->set(string(length, 'x'), key, 60));
        string value;
        assert(mmkv->getString(key, value) && value == string(length, 'x'));
    }
    assert(mmkv->count(true) == 4);
    mmkv->clearAll();

#ifndef MMKV_DISABLE_CRYPT
    const string cryptKey = "alignment-key";
    auto encrypted = MMKV::mmkvWithID("expiration_alignment_crypt_test", MMKV_SINGLE_PROCESS, &cryptKey);
    encrypted->clearAll();
    assert(encrypted->enableAutoKeyExpire());
    for (size_t length = 1; length <= 4; length++) {
        auto key = "alignment-" + to_string(length);
        assert(encrypted->set(string(length, 'x'), key, 60));
        string value;
        assert(encrypted->getString(key, value) && value == string(length, 'x'));
    }
    assert(encrypted->count(true) == 4);
    encrypted->clearAll();
#endif

    printf("test expiration alignment: passed\n");
}

void testArmCRC32() {
#if defined(MMKV_USE_ARMV8_CRC32) && !defined(MMKV_OHOS)
    if (CRC32 != mmkv::armv8_crc32) {
        return;
    }
    array<uint8_t, 265> storage = {};
    for (size_t index = 0; index < storage.size(); index++) {
        storage[index] = static_cast<uint8_t>(index * 37 + 11);
    }
    constexpr array<uint32_t, 3> seeds = {0, 1, 0xdeadbeef};
    for (auto seed : seeds) {
        for (size_t offset = 0; offset < 8; offset++) {
            for (size_t length = 0; length <= 257; length++) {
                auto ptr = storage.data() + offset;
                assert(mmkv::armv8_crc32(seed, ptr, length) == ZLIB_CRC32(seed, ptr, length));
            }
        }
    }
    printf("test ARM CRC32 alignment: passed\n");
#endif
}

#ifndef MMKV_DISABLE_CRYPT
static bool containsBytes(const unsigned char *storage, size_t storageSize, const uint8_t *value, size_t valueSize) {
    if (valueSize > storageSize) {
        return false;
    }
    for (size_t offset = 0; offset <= storageSize - valueSize; ++offset) {
        if (memcmp(storage + offset, value, valueSize) == 0) {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

void testCryptoRandomAndWipe() {
    uint8_t firstIV[AES_IV_LEN] = {};
    uint8_t secondIV[AES_IV_LEN] = {};
    assert(AESCrypt::fillRandomIV(firstIV));
    assert(AESCrypt::fillRandomIV(secondIV));
    assert(memcmp(firstIV, secondIV, sizeof(firstIV)) != 0);

    uint8_t key[AES256_KEY_LEN];
    iota(begin(key), end(key), 1);
    alignas(AESCrypt) unsigned char storage[sizeof(AESCrypt)] = {};
    auto crypt = new (storage) AESCrypt(key, sizeof(key), nullptr, 0, true);
    assert(containsBytes(storage, sizeof(storage), key, sizeof(key)));
    crypt->~AESCrypt();
    assert(!containsBytes(storage, sizeof(storage), key, sizeof(key)));

    const string exactAES128Key = "0123456789abcdef";
    auto encrypted = MMKV::mmkvWithID("aes-mode-switch", MMKV_SINGLE_PROCESS, &exactAES128Key);
    encrypted->clearAll();
    assert(encrypted->cryptKey() == exactAES128Key);
    assert(encrypted->set("payload", "value"));
    assert(encrypted->reKey(exactAES128Key, true));
    string value;
    assert(encrypted->getString("value", value) && value == "payload");
    encrypted->close();

    encrypted = MMKV::mmkvWithID("aes-mode-switch", MMKV_SINGLE_PROCESS, &exactAES128Key, nullptr, 0, true);
    assert(encrypted->getString("value", value) && value == "payload");
    encrypted->clearAll();
    encrypted->close();

    const string transitionKey = "transition-key";
    auto transition = MMKV::mmkvWithID("aes-reset-transition");
    transition->clearAll();
    transition->checkReSetCryptKey(&transitionKey, false);
    assert(transition->set("encrypted", "value"));
    assert(transition->getString("value", value) && value == "encrypted");
    transition->clearAll();
    transition->checkReSetCryptKey(nullptr);
    assert(transition->set("plain", "value"));
    assert(transition->getString("value", value) && value == "plain");
    transition->clearAll();
    transition->checkReSetCryptKey(&transitionKey, true);
    assert(transition->set("aes256", "value"));
    assert(transition->getString("value", value) && value == "aes256");
    transition->clearAll();
    transition->close();

    printf("test crypto random and wipe: passed\n");
}
#endif

void testLongDirectoryWalk(const string &testRoot) {
    auto baseTemplate = testRoot + "/mmkv-walk-XXXXXX";
    vector<char> mutableTemplate(baseTemplate.begin(), baseTemplate.end());
    mutableTemplate.push_back('\0');
    auto base = mkdtemp(mutableTemplate.data());
    assert(base);

    string path(base);
    vector<pair<int, string>> directories;
    auto currentFD = open(base, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY);
    assert(currentFD >= 0);

    constexpr size_t targetPathLength = PATH_MAX - 64;
    while (path.size() < targetPathLength) {
        const auto remainingLength = targetPathLength - path.size();
        if (remainingLength == 1) {
            path.push_back('/');
            break;
        }
        auto nameLength = min<size_t>(100, remainingLength - 1);
        string name(nameLength, static_cast<char>('a' + directories.size() % 26));
        assert(mkdirat(currentFD, name.c_str(), 0700) == 0);
        auto childFD = openat(currentFD, name.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY);
        assert(childFD >= 0);
        directories.emplace_back(currentFD, name);
        currentFD = childFD;
        path += "/" + name;
    }
    assert(path.size() == targetPathLength);

    const string filename(100, 'z');
    auto fileFD = openat(currentFD, filename.c_str(), O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, 0600);
    assert(fileFD >= 0);
    close(fileFD);

    vector<string> files;
    walkInDir(path, WalkFile, [&files](const MMKVPath_t &filePath, WalkType) {
        files.push_back(filePath);
    });
    assert(files.size() == 1);
    assert(files.front() == path + "/" + filename);

    assert(unlinkat(currentFD, filename.c_str(), 0) == 0);
    close(currentFD);
    for (auto it = directories.rbegin(); it != directories.rend(); ++it) {
        assert(unlinkat(it->first, it->second.c_str(), AT_REMOVEDIR) == 0);
        close(it->first);
    }
    assert(rmdir(base) == 0);

    printf("test long directory walk: passed\n");
}

void testMinimalBackupRestore(const string &rootDir) {
    const string suffixID = "suffix.crc";
    const string specialID = "special/id";
    auto suffix = MMKV::mmkvWithID(suffixID);
    auto special = MMKV::mmkvWithID(specialID);
    suffix->clearAll();
    special->clearAll();
    assert(suffix->set("before", "value"));
    assert(special->set("before-special", "value"));

    const auto suffixPath = rootDir + "/" + suffixID;
    const auto suffixCRCPath = suffixPath + ".crc";
    struct stat beforeAlias = {};
    struct stat afterAlias = {};
    struct stat beforeCRCAlias = {};
    struct stat afterCRCAlias = {};
    assert(stat(suffixPath.c_str(), &beforeAlias) == 0);
    assert(stat(suffixCRCPath.c_str(), &beforeCRCAlias) == 0);
    const auto rootAlias = rootDir + "/.";
    assert(MMKV::backupOneToDirectory(suffixID, rootAlias, &rootDir));
    assert(MMKV::restoreOneFromDirectory(suffixID, rootAlias, &rootDir));
    assert(MMKV::backupAllToDirectory(rootAlias, &rootDir) != 0);
    assert(MMKV::restoreAllFromDirectory(rootAlias, &rootDir) != 0);
    assert(stat(suffixPath.c_str(), &afterAlias) == 0);
    assert(stat(suffixCRCPath.c_str(), &afterCRCAlias) == 0);
    assert(beforeAlias.st_dev == afterAlias.st_dev && beforeAlias.st_ino == afterAlias.st_ino);
    assert(beforeCRCAlias.st_dev == afterCRCAlias.st_dev && beforeCRCAlias.st_ino == afterCRCAlias.st_ino);
    string value;
    assert(suffix->getString("value", value) && value == "before");

    const auto uniqueSuffix = to_string(static_cast<unsigned long long>(getpid()));
    const auto backupDir = rootDir + "-backup-" + uniqueSuffix;
    assert(MMKV::backupAllToDirectory(backupDir, &rootDir) >= 2);

    assert(suffix->set("after", "value"));
    assert(special->set("after-special", "value"));
    assert(MMKV::restoreAllFromDirectory(backupDir, &rootDir) >= 2);
    assert(suffix->getString("value", value) && value == "before");
    assert(special->getString("value", value) && value == "before-special");

    const auto invalidDir = rootDir + "-invalid-" + uniqueSuffix;
    assert(mkPath(invalidDir));
    assert(copyFile(backupDir + "/" + suffixID, invalidDir + "/" + suffixID));
    auto invalidCRC = invalidDir + "/" + suffixID + ".crc";
    auto invalidFD = open(invalidCRC.c_str(), O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, 0600);
    assert(invalidFD >= 0);
    const uint8_t truncatedMetadata = 0;
    assert(write(invalidFD, &truncatedMetadata, sizeof(truncatedMetadata)) ==
           static_cast<ssize_t>(sizeof(truncatedMetadata)));
    close(invalidFD);

    assert(suffix->set("unchanged", "value"));
    assert(!MMKV::restoreOneFromDirectory(suffixID, invalidDir, &rootDir));
    assert(suffix->getString("value", value) && value == "unchanged");

    assert(copyFile(backupDir + "/" + suffixID + ".crc", invalidCRC));
    invalidFD = open((invalidDir + "/" + suffixID).c_str(), O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC);
    assert(invalidFD >= 0);
    close(invalidFD);
    assert(!MMKV::restoreOneFromDirectory(suffixID, invalidDir, &rootDir));
    assert(suffix->getString("value", value) && value == "unchanged");

    suffix->clearAll();
    special->clearAll();
    std::filesystem::remove_all(backupDir);
    std::filesystem::remove_all(invalidDir);
    printf("test minimal backup and restore hardening: passed\n");
}

#ifndef MMKV_DISABLE_CRYPT
void testDecryptToPlainKeyLimit() {
    const string cryptKey = "plain-holder-test";
    for (auto valueSize : {128, 300}) {
        auto kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID("decrypt_plain_key_limit_" + to_string(valueSize), MMKV_SINGLE_PROCESS, &cryptKey);
        kv->clearAll();
        const string key(KeySizeLimit, 'k');
        const string value(valueSize, 'v');
        assert(kv->set(value, key));
        assert(kv->set("intact", "ordinary"));
        assert(!kv->reKey(""));
        assert(kv->isEncryptionEnabled());
        kv->clearMemoryCache();
        string result;
        assert(kv->getString(key, result) && result == value);
        assert(kv->getString("ordinary", result) && result == "intact");
        assert(kv->removeValueForKey(key));
        assert(kv->set(value, key.substr(1)));
        assert(kv->reKey(""));
        assert(kv->getString(key.substr(1), result) && result == value);
        assert(kv->getString("ordinary", result) && result == "intact");
        kv->close();
    }
    printf("test decrypt to plain key limit: passed\n");
}
#endif

void testCachedRestore(const string &rootDir) {
    const string backupDir = rootDir + "/cached-restore-backup";
    const string value(DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE * 2, 'v');
    auto backup = MMKV::nameSpace(backupDir).mmkvWithID("cached-restore");
    assert(backup->set(value, "key"));
    backup->sync(MMKV_SYNC);
    auto backupSize = backup->totalSize();
    backup->close();
    for (auto capacity : {DEFAULT_MMAP_SIZE, backupSize * 2}) {
        MMKVConfig config;
        config.expectedCapacity = capacity;
        auto kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID("cached-restore", config);
        assert(MMKV::restoreOneFromDirectory("cached-restore", backupDir));
        string result;
        assert(kv->getString("key", result) && result == value);
        assert(kv->set(value, "another"));
        kv->close();
        MMKV::removeStorage("cached-restore");
    }

    backup = MMKV::nameSpace(backupDir).mmkvWithID("invalid-restore-meta");
    assert(backup->set(value, "key"));
    backup->sync(MMKV_SYNC);
    backup->close();
    assert(mkPath(rootDir + "/invalid-restore-meta.crc"));
    auto invalid = MMKV::mmkvWithID("invalid-restore-meta");
    assert(invalid);
    assert(!MMKV::restoreOneFromDirectory("invalid-restore-meta", backupDir));
    invalid->close();
    printf("test cached restore: passed\n");
}

void testReadOnlyRecovery(const string &rootDir) {
    for (bool useLastConfirmed : {false, true}) {
        const string id = useLastConfirmed ? "readonly-confirmed" : "readonly-header";
        auto kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(id);
        assert(kv->set("intact", "key"));
        auto goodSize = static_cast<uint32_t>(kv->actualSize());
        auto badSize = static_cast<uint32_t>(kv->totalSize() + 4);
        kv->sync(MMKV_SYNC);
        kv->close();

        auto fd = open((rootDir + "/" + id + ".crc").c_str(), O_RDWR);
        assert(fd >= 0);
        MMKVMetaInfo meta;
        assert(pread(fd, &meta, sizeof(meta), 0) == sizeof(meta));
        meta.m_lastConfirmedMetaInfo.lastActualSize = goodSize;
        meta.m_lastConfirmedMetaInfo.lastCRCDigest = meta.m_crcDigest;
        meta.m_actualSize = badSize;
        assert(pwrite(fd, &meta, sizeof(meta), 0) == sizeof(meta));
        close(fd);
        fd = open((rootDir + "/" + id).c_str(), O_RDWR);
        assert(fd >= 0);
        auto headerSize = useLastConfirmed ? badSize : goodSize;
        assert(pwrite(fd, &headerSize, sizeof(headerSize), 0) == sizeof(headerSize));
        close(fd);

        kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(id, MMKV_SINGLE_PROCESS | MMKV_READ_ONLY);
        string result;
        assert(kv->getString("key", result) && result == "intact");
        assert(kv->actualSize() == goodSize);
        kv->close();
        fd = open((rootDir + "/" + id + ".crc").c_str(), O_RDONLY);
        assert(fd >= 0);
        MMKVMetaInfo after;
        assert(pread(fd, &after, sizeof(after), 0) == sizeof(after));
        assert(memcmp(&meta, &after, sizeof(meta)) == 0);
        close(fd);
    }
    printf("test readonly recovery: passed\n");
}

void testImportRejectedWrites() {
    auto source = MMKV::mmkvWithID("import-count-source");
    source->clearAll();
    assert(source->set("kept", "small"));
    assert(source->set(string(64, 'v'), "large"));
    for (bool expire : {false, true}) {
        MMKVConfig config;
        config.itemSizeLimit = 32;
        config.enableKeyExpire = expire;
        auto dest = MMKV::mmkvWithID(expire ? "import-count-expiring" : "import-count-plain", config);
        dest->clearAll();
        assert(dest->importFrom(source) == 1);
        assert(dest->count() == 1);
        string value;
        assert(dest->getString("small", value) && value == "kept");
        assert(!dest->containsKey("large"));
        dest->close();
    }
    source->close();
    printf("test import rejected writes: passed\n");
}

void testImportRejectsSelf() {
#ifndef MMKV_DISABLE_CRYPT
    const string key128 = "self-import-key";
    const string key256 = "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef";
    constexpr int cipherModes = 3;
#else
    constexpr int cipherModes = 1;
#endif
    const string medium(100, 'm'), large(300, 'l');
    for (int cipher = 0; cipher < cipherModes; cipher++) {
        for (bool expire : {false, true}) {
            MMKVConfig config;
#ifndef MMKV_DISABLE_CRYPT
            config.cryptKey = cipher == 0 ? nullptr : (cipher == 1 ? &key128 : &key256);
            config.aes256 = cipher == 2;
#endif
            config.enableKeyExpire = expire;
            config.expiredInSeconds = 3600;
            auto kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID("import-self-" + to_string(cipher) + (expire ? "-expiring" : "-plain"), config);
            kv->clearAll();
            assert(kv->set("short", "s"));
            assert(kv->set(medium, "m"));
            assert(kv->set(large, "l"));
            const auto sizeBefore = kv->actualSize();

            for (bool reload : {false, true}) {
                if (reload) {
                    kv->clearMemoryCache();
                }
                assert(kv->importFrom(kv) == 0);
                assert(kv->actualSize() == sizeBefore);
                assert(kv->count() == 3);
                string value;
                assert(kv->getString("s", value) && value == "short");
                assert(kv->getString("m", value) && value == medium);
                assert(kv->getString("l", value) && value == large);
            }
            kv->close();
        }
    }
    printf("test import rejects self: passed\n");
}

#ifndef MMKV_WIN32
void testImportUsesStableLockOrder() {
    auto first = MMKV::mmkvWithID("import-lock-order-a");
    auto second = MMKV::mmkvWithID("import-lock-order-b");
    first->clearAll();
    second->clearAll();
    assert(first->set("value", "key"));

    // Hold the lexicographically later store. A reverse-direction import must
    // lock the earlier store first, then wait for this lock.
    second->lock_thread();
    atomic<bool> started{false};
    thread worker([&] {
        started.store(true, memory_order_release);
        assert(second->importFrom(first) == 1);
    });
    while (!started.load(memory_order_acquire)) {
        this_thread::yield();
    }

    bool firstWasLocked = false;
    for (size_t attempt = 0; attempt < 5000; attempt++) {
        if (!first->try_lock_thread()) {
            firstWasLocked = true;
            break;
        }
        first->unlock_thread();
        this_thread::sleep_for(chrono::milliseconds(1));
    }

    second->unlock_thread();
    worker.join();
    assert(firstWasLocked);

    string value;
    assert(second->getString("key", value) && value == "value");
    first->close();
    second->close();
    printf("test import stable lock order: passed\n");
}
#endif

#ifndef MMKV_DISABLE_CRYPT
void testBorrowedValueStorage() {
    const auto inlineSize = KeyValueHolderCrypt::SmallBufferSize();
    for (size_t size : {size_t(1), inlineSize, inlineSize + 1}) {
        vector<uint8_t> source(size, 0x5a);
        MMBuffer borrowed(source.data(), source.size(), MMBufferNoCopy);
        KeyValueHolderCrypt holder(std::move(borrowed));
        // Borrowed values that fit must not need a heap allocation.
        assert(holder.type == (size <= inlineSize ? KeyValueHolderType_Direct : KeyValueHolderType_Memory));
        auto stored = holder.toMMBuffer(nullptr, nullptr);
        assert(stored.length() == source.size());
        assert(stored.getPtr() != source.data());
        fill(source.begin(), source.end(), 0);
        const auto bytes = static_cast<const uint8_t *>(stored.getPtr());
        assert(all_of(bytes, bytes + stored.length(), [](uint8_t value) { return value == 0x5a; }));
    }

    // An owned heap buffer must still transfer its allocation without copying.
    MMBuffer owned(inlineSize + 1);
    const auto ptr = owned.getPtr();
    KeyValueHolderCrypt holder(std::move(owned));
    assert(holder.type == KeyValueHolderType_Memory);
    assert(holder.memPtr == ptr);
    assert(owned.length() == 0);
    printf("test borrowed value storage: passed\n");
}

// importFrom() hands the destination no-copy views of the source's values;
// an encrypted destination must copy them, not take ownership of them.
void testImportIntoEncrypted() {
    const string sourceKey = "import-source-key";
    const string destKey = "import-dest-key";
    const string destKey256 = "import-dest-key-32-bytes-long-ab";
    const string medium(100, 'm'), large(300, 'l');
    for (bool encryptedSource : {false, true}) {
        for (bool aes256 : {false, true}) {
            const string suffix = string(encryptedSource ? "-crypt" : "-plain") + (aes256 ? "-256" : "-128");
            MMKVConfig sourceConfig;
            sourceConfig.cryptKey = encryptedSource ? &sourceKey : nullptr;
            auto source = MMKV::mmkvWithID("import-encrypted-source" + suffix, sourceConfig);
            source->clearAll();
            assert(source->set("short", "s"));
            assert(source->set(medium, "m"));
            assert(source->set(medium, "m-retained"));
            assert(source->set(large, "l"));
            assert(source->set(int32_t(-42), "i"));
            assert(source->set(true, "b"));

            MMKVConfig destConfig;
            destConfig.cryptKey = aes256 ? &destKey256 : &destKey;
            destConfig.aes256 = aes256;
            auto dest = MMKV::mmkvWithID("import-encrypted-dest" + suffix, destConfig);
            dest->clearAll();
            assert(dest->importFrom(source) == 6);

            // Import again over existing inline and heap-backed values.
            assert(dest->set("outdated", "s"));
            assert(dest->set(string(100, 'x'), "m-retained"));
            assert(dest->importFrom(source) == 6);
            string value;
            assert(dest->getString("s", value) && value == "short");

            // overwriting and removing release what the destination holds
            assert(dest->set("changed", "s"));
            assert(dest->removeValueForKey("m"));
            // the source releases its own values
            source->clearAll();
            source->close();

            assert(dest->getString("s", value) && value == "changed");
            assert(!dest->containsKey("m"));
            assert(dest->getString("m-retained", value) && value == medium);
            assert(dest->getString("l", value) && value == large);
            assert(dest->getInt32("i") == -42);
            assert(dest->getBool("b"));
            dest->trim();
            dest->clearMemoryCache();
            assert(dest->getString("m-retained", value) && value == medium);
            assert(dest->getString("l", value) && value == large);
            assert(dest->getInt32("i") == -42);
            assert(dest->getBool("b"));
            dest->close();
        }
    }
    printf("test import into encrypted: passed\n");
}
#endif

void testFirstReadAfterReopenRespectsExpiration() {
    const string id = "first-read-expiration";
    auto kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(id);
    kv->clearAll();
    assert(kv->enableAutoKeyExpire());
    assert(kv->set(uint32_t(123), "expired", 1));
    kv->sync(MMKV_SYNC);
    kv->close();
    sleep(2);

    kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(id);
    // Do not warm the lazy instance with count(), containsKey(), etc.
    // Before the fix, this FIRST getter returned 123; only the second getter missed.
    bool found = true;
    const auto value = kv->getUInt32("expired", 0, &found);
    assert(value == 0 && !found);
    kv->close();
    printf("test first read after reopen respects expiration: passed\n");
}

void testReadOnlyExpiration() {
    for (bool encrypted : {false, true}) {
#ifdef MMKV_DISABLE_CRYPT
        if (encrypted) {
            continue;
        }
#endif
        const string cryptKey = "expiration-key";
        const string id = encrypted ? "readonly-expiration-crypt" : "readonly-expiration-plain";
        auto kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(id, MMKV_SINGLE_PROCESS, encrypted ? &cryptKey : nullptr);
        kv->clearAll();
        assert(kv->enableAutoKeyExpire());
        assert(kv->set(uint32_t(123), "expired", 1));
        assert(kv->set("live", "live"));
        kv->sync(MMKV_SYNC);
        kv->close();
        sleep(2);

        const auto mode = MMKV_SINGLE_PROCESS | MMKV_READ_ONLY;
        // Each API is the FIRST operation on its own read-only instance.
        kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(id, mode, encrypted ? &cryptKey : nullptr);
        bool found = true;
        const auto value = kv->getUInt32("expired", 0, &found);
        assert(value == 0 && !found); // Previously returned 123: the metadata flag was ignored.
        kv->close();

        kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(id, mode, encrypted ? &cryptKey : nullptr);
        const auto keys = kv->allKeys(true);
        assert(keys == vector<string>{"live"}); // Filtering must not require a writeback.
        kv->close();

        kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(id, mode, encrypted ? &cryptKey : nullptr);
        const auto count = kv->count(true);
        assert(count == 1);
        kv->close();

        kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(id, mode, encrypted ? &cryptKey : nullptr);
        assert(kv->count(false) == 2); // Read-only filtering must leave the stored entries intact.
        string live;
        assert(kv->getString("live", live) && live == "live");
        kv->close();
    }
    printf("test read-only expiration: passed\n");
}

void testReadOnlyRejectsSet() {
    auto kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID("read_only_set");
    kv->clearAll();
    assert(kv->set("value1", "key"));
    kv->close();

    kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID("read_only_set", MMKV_SINGLE_PROCESS | MMKV_READ_ONLY);
    assert(!kv->set("value2", "key"));
    string value;
    assert(kv->getString("key", value) && value == "value1");
    kv->close();
    printf("test read-only set: passed\n");
}

void testFirstWriteAfterReopenPreservesValue() {
    const string id = "first-write-expiration";
    auto kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(id);
    kv->clearAll();
    assert(kv->enableAutoKeyExpire());
    assert(kv->set("persisted", "existing"));
    kv->sync(MMKV_SYNC);
    kv->close();

    kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(id);
    // This set MUST be the first operation: metadata has not been lazily loaded yet.
    // Even ExpireNever needs a four-byte suffix when the store has expiration enabled.
    const auto written = kv->set("ABCD", "new");
    assert(written); // Before the fix, set succeeded but omitted that suffix.
    string value;
    const auto found = kv->getString("new", value);
    assert(found && value == "ABCD"); // The payload must not be mistaken for a timestamp.
    kv->close();
    printf("test first write after reopen preserves value: passed\n");
}

// Coverage for the separate scalar, buffer, and vector encoding paths.
// The minimal reproducer above explains the failure; this sweep guards each overload.
void testFirstWriteAfterReopenOverloads() {
    const string id = "first-write-expiration-overloads";
    auto kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(id);
    kv->clearAll();
    assert(kv->enableAutoKeyExpire());
    auto reopen = [&] {
        kv->close();
        kv = MMKV::mmkvWithID(id);
    };
    // No getter or other warm-up is allowed between reopen() and each set().
    reopen();
    assert(kv->set(true, "bool", 60) && kv->getBool("bool"));
    reopen();
    assert(kv->set(int32_t(-123), "i32", 60) && kv->getInt32("i32") == -123);
    reopen();
    assert(kv->set(uint32_t(123), "u32", 60) && kv->getUInt32("u32") == 123);
    reopen();
    assert(kv->set(int64_t(-123), "i64", 60) && kv->getInt64("i64") == -123);
    reopen();
    assert(kv->set(uint64_t(123), "u64", 60) && kv->getUInt64("u64") == 123);
    reopen();
    assert(kv->set(1.5f, "float", 60) && kv->getFloat("float") == 1.5f);
    reopen();
    assert(kv->set(1.5, "double", 60) && kv->getDouble("double") == 1.5);
    string result;
    reopen();
    assert(kv->set(string("ABCD"), "string", 60) && kv->getString("string", result) && result == "ABCD");
    reopen();
    assert(kv->set(string_view("ABCD"), "view", 60) && kv->getString("view", result) && result == "ABCD");
    reopen();
    char byteValue[] = "ABCD";
    MMBuffer bytes(byteValue, 4, MMBufferNoCopy);
    assert(kv->set(bytes, "bytes", 60) && kv->getBytes("bytes") == bytes);
    reopen();
    const vector<string> strings = {"ABCD", "EFGH"};
    vector<string> stringsResult;
    assert(kv->set(strings, "strings", 60) && kv->getVector("strings", stringsResult) && stringsResult == strings);
#ifdef MMKV_HAS_CPP20
    reopen();
    const vector<int32_t> ints = {1, 2, 3};
    vector<int32_t> intsResult;
    assert(kv->set(ints, "ints", 60) && kv->getVector("ints", intsResult) && intsResult == ints);
#endif
    kv->close();
    printf("test first write after reopen overloads: passed\n");
}

void testRemove(MMKV *mmkv) {
    auto ret = mmkv->set(true, "bool_1");
    ret &= mmkv->set(numeric_limits<int32_t>::max(), "int_1");
    ret &= mmkv->set(numeric_limits<int64_t>::max(), "long_1");
    ret &= mmkv->set(numeric_limits<float>::min(), "float_1");
    ret &= mmkv->set(numeric_limits<double>::min(), "double_1");
    ret &= mmkv->set("hello", "string_1");
    vector<string> v = vector<string>{"key", "value"};
    ret &= mmkv->set(v, "vector_1");
    assert(ret);

    {
        long count = mmkv->count();

        mmkv->removeValueForKey("bool_1");
        mmkv->removeValuesForKeys({"int_1", "long_1"});

        auto newCount = mmkv->count();
        assert(count == newCount + 3);
    }

    auto bValue = mmkv->getBool("bool_1");
    assert(!bValue);

    auto iValue = mmkv->getInt32("int_1");
    assert(iValue == 0);

    auto lValue = mmkv->getInt64("long_1");
    assert(lValue == 0);

    auto fValue = mmkv->getFloat("float_1");
    assert(EqualWithAccuracy(fValue, numeric_limits<float>::min(), 0.001f));

    double dValue = mmkv->getDouble("double_1");
    assert(EqualWithAccuracy(dValue, numeric_limits<double>::min(), 0.001));

    string sValue;
    ret = mmkv->getString("string_1", sValue);
    assert(ret && sValue == "hello");

    vector<string> vValue;
    ret = mmkv->getVector("vector_1", vValue);
    assert(ret && vValue == v);

    printf("test remove: passed\n");
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    locale::global(locale(""));
    wcout.imbue(locale(""));
    char c;
    srand((uint64_t) &c);

    string rootDir = argc > 1 ? argv[1] : "/tmp/mmkv";
    assert(mkPath(rootDir));
    MMKV::initializeMMKV(rootDir);

    auto mmkv = MMKV::mmkvWithID("unit_test");
    mmkv->clearAll();

    testBool(mmkv);
    testInt32(mmkv);
    testInt64(mmkv);
    testUInt32(mmkv);
    testUInt64(mmkv);
    testFloat(mmkv);
    testDouble(mmkv);
    testString(mmkv);
    testBytes(mmkv);
    testVector(mmkv);
    testRemove(mmkv);
    testExpirationMigrationAggregateLimit();
    testOversizedKey(mmkv);
    testOversizedValue(mmkv);
    testFileValidation(rootDir);
    testTinyFileRecovery(rootDir);
    testCodedOutputBounds();
    testExpirationOverflow();
    testExpirationAlignment();
    testArmCRC32();
#ifndef MMKV_DISABLE_CRYPT
    testCryptoRandomAndWipe();
    testDecryptToPlainKeyLimit();
#endif
    testLongDirectoryWalk(rootDir);
    testMinimalBackupRestore(rootDir);
    testCachedRestore(rootDir);
    testReadOnlyRecovery(rootDir);
    testImportRejectedWrites();
    testImportRejectsSelf();
#ifndef MMKV_WIN32
    testImportUsesStableLockOrder();
#endif
#ifndef MMKV_DISABLE_CRYPT
    testBorrowedValueStorage();
    testImportIntoEncrypted();
#endif
    testFirstReadAfterReopenRespectsExpiration();
    testReadOnlyExpiration();
    testReadOnlyRejectsSet();
    testFirstWriteAfterReopenPreservesValue();
    testFirstWriteAfterReopenOverloads();
}