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4. Directory Structure of Linux.md

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4. Directory Structure of Linux.md

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🖥️ PuTTY: A Popular Terminal Emulator and SSH Client

PuTTY is a popular terminal emulator and SSH client, primarily used on the Windows operating system. It allows users to connect to remote servers or network devices. PuTTY is particularly used for working with Linux servers, enabling users to perform tasks on the server through the command-line interface (CLI).

✨ Key Features of PuTTY

  1. 🔐 SSH (Secure Shell) Support: PuTTY connects securely to remote servers using the SSH protocol.
  2. 🌐 Telnet and Raw Connection: It also supports connections via Telnet and Raw mode.
  3. 🎨 Customization: Users can customize PuTTY settings such as fonts, colors, and window size.
  4. 🔒 Security: Provides secure connections, ensuring safe data transfer.
  5. 🚀 Portable: PuTTY is a portable application that can be run from a USB drive without installation.

🛠️ How to Use PuTTY

  1. 📥 Download and Installation: Download PuTTY from the official PuTTY website. It does not require installation; you can run the executable file directly.
  2. ⚙️ Connection Settings:
    • Open PuTTY and enter the remote server's IP address or domain name in the "Host Name" field.
    • Select "SSH" as the connection type.
    • Click "Open."
  3. 🔑 Login: Once connected, you will be prompted to enter a username and password. After logging in, you can execute commands on the server.

PuTTY is a powerful tool essential for system administrators and developers, especially when working with remote servers.

📂 Directory Structure of Linux

The Linux file system follows a hierarchical structure, starting from the root directory (/). Each directory has a specific purpose, containing various files and subdirectories.

🗂️ Root Directory

  • / (root):
    • Also referred to as the root user.
    • It is the top-level directory of the file system.
    • Contains all other directories and files.

📌 Main Directories

📁 Directory 📜 Description
/bin User Binaries
Contains essential binary commands for user operations. These are executable files that users can run.
/sbin System Binaries
Contains binary files for system administration tasks, usually used by the root user.
/lib Libraries
Stores shared library files required for binaries in /bin and /sbin.
/lib64 64-bit Libraries
Contains 64-bit shared library files.
/etc Configuration Files
Contains system-wide configuration files for programs and services.
/dev Device Files
Represents hardware devices; contains special files corresponding to system devices.
/proc Processing Information
A virtual file system that provides information about running processes and kernel parameters.
/var Variable Files
Stores files that change over time, such as logs and databases.
/tmp Temporary Files
Stores temporary files created by applications; data is not retained after a reboot.
/usr User Binaries and Libraries
Contains additional binaries, libraries, documentation, and shared data files. Includes /bin, /sbin, /lib, and /lib64.
/boot Boot Loader Files
Stores files necessary for booting the system, including the kernel.
/opt Optional Add-on Applications
Used for installing third-party software packages.
/srv Service Data
Contains data for services provided by the system, such as web or FTP servers.
/home User Home Directories
Stores personal directories for users, e.g., /home/nikhil, /home/patidar.
/mnt Mount Directory
Used for temporarily mounting file systems or storage devices.
/media Removable Drives
Automatically mounts removable media like USB drives or CDs.