-Starting from TiDB v7.4, if `connectionCollation` is not configured, and `characterEncoding` is either not configured or set to `UTF-8` in the JDBC URL, the value of the [`collation_connection`](/system-variables.md#collation_connection) variable depends on the JDBC driver version. For example, for Connector/J 8.0.26 and later versions, the JDBC driver defaults to the `utf8mb4` character set and uses `utf8mb4_general_ci` as the connection collation. TiDB follows the driver, and the [`collation_connection`](/system-variables.md#collation_connection) variable uses the `utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci` collation. For more information, see [Collation used in JDBC connections](#what-collation-is-used-in-a-jdbc-connection-when-connectioncollation-is-not-configured-in-the-jdbc-url).
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