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Getting Started with Xmonad

I love Xmonad so much, I hope you will too!

Basic Tools

Start and Stop a Terminal

Press ALT + SHIFT + ENTER. Type exit to close. Use ARROW UP/DOWN to navigate previously executed commands. Use TAB to autocomplete folder and files.

Xmonad

Xmonad is the windowing system. No more bloat. It's heavily customized, but the basics work as usual. Switch between workspaces: ALT + 0-9 Kill a Program: ALT + SHIFT + C Key combinations can be found here.

Xmobar

Xmobar is the status bar at the top. To customize it use

vi .config/.xmobarrc

To update changes you need to recompile & restart xmonad.

Start Browser

Type chrome into the terminal.

Vi

Vi is the default, minimalistic file editor. Read all about it here

Copy + Paste

Additional Clipboard: Select text to copy and use middle mouse button to paste Normal Clipboard: Ctrl C to copy, Ctrl V to paste, Ctrl X to cut

Update and Installation

OS and Package Related

Do this regularly!

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade  # might not always be necessary
sudo apt-get autoremove

Shutdown and Restart Computer

rr  # check if reboot is required
sudo shutdown -h now
sudo reboot -h now

Install a Package

sudp apt-get install PACKAGE

Example

Find the apt-get install package online, let’s take vlc as an example.

sudo apt-get install vlc

Open .bash_aliases (dot files are hidden) with

vi .bash_aliases

And press i for edit mode Add a new line

alias vlc='vlc &> /dev/null &'

This will make sure that when we spawn vlc from the terminal it is started as a new process and error messages are not dumped to our terminal.

Press escape to exit edit mode and save and close the file with :wq Now type close and re-open the terminal. Type vlc to run vlc on the computer

Remove a Package completely

sudo apt-get purge PACKAGE --auto-remove

Misc

Change Password

sudo passwd USERNAME

Taking a Screenshot

import screenshot.png

This will allow you to select an area to screenshot and save it as screenshot.png in the current terminal working directory. If you need to take a delayed screenshot you can use

sleep 3; import screenshot.png

File and Directory Management

  • List Files and Dirs: ls
  • List Files and Dirs including hidden: ls -al
  • List Hierarchy (two levels): tree -L 2
  • Remove File: rm [FILENAMe]
  • Remove Empty Directory: rmdir [DIRNAME]
  • Remove Any Directory: rm -rf [DIRNAME]

Unzip a *.tar.gz file

tar -zxvf FILENAME

Debug

Startup Script Error

You might have edited some files that prevent you from logging in. In this case you can press CTRL + ALT + F3. Nothing will change on the screen, however when you login now the startup scripts are not run.