feat(power): automatic WiFi disable when running on battery

src/Power.cpp

@@ -30,6 +30,10 @@
 #include "input/LinuxInputImpl.h"
 #endif
 
+#if HAS_WIFI && !defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
+#include "mesh/wifi/WiFiAPClient.h"
+#endif
+
 // Working USB detection for powered/charging states on the RAK platform
 #ifdef NRF_APM
 #include "nrfx_power.h"
@@ -49,6 +53,13 @@
 
 #endif
 
+// WiFi power management state
+#if HAS_WIFI && !defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
+static uint32_t wifiPowerLossTimerStart = 0;
+static bool wifiPowerLossTimerActive = false;
+static bool wifiWasDisabledByPowerLoss = false;
+#endif
+
 #ifndef DELAY_FOREVER
 #define DELAY_FOREVER portMAX_DELAY
 #endif
@@ -956,10 +967,71 @@ void Power::readPowerStatus()
     }
 }
 
+#if HAS_WIFI && !defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
+/**
+ * Handle automatic WiFi enable/disable based on power source.
+ * When wifi_on_external_power_only is enabled:
+ * - WiFi is enabled when external power (USB) is connected
+ * - WiFi is disabled after timeout when running on battery
+ */
+void Power::handleWifiPowerManagement()
+{
+    // Feature disabled - nothing to do
+    if (!config.network.wifi_on_external_power_only) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // WiFi not configured - nothing to do
+    if (!config.network.wifi_enabled || !config.network.wifi_ssid[0]) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    bool hasExternalPower = powerStatus && powerStatus->getHasUSB();
+    uint32_t timeoutSecs = config.network.wifi_power_loss_timeout_secs;
+    if (timeoutSecs == 0) {
+        timeoutSecs = 30; // Default 30 seconds if not configured
+    }
+
+    if (!hasExternalPower && isWifiAvailable()) {
+        // Running on battery with WiFi active - start/check timer
+        if (!wifiPowerLossTimerActive) {
+            LOG_INFO("External power lost, WiFi will disable in %u seconds", timeoutSecs);
+            wifiPowerLossTimerStart = millis();
+            wifiPowerLossTimerActive = true;
+        }
+
+        // Check if timeout expired
+        if (millis() - wifiPowerLossTimerStart >= timeoutSecs * 1000) {
+            LOG_INFO("Power loss timeout expired, disabling WiFi");
+            deinitWifi();
+            wifiPowerLossTimerActive = false;
+            wifiWasDisabledByPowerLoss = true;
+        }
+    } else if (hasExternalPower) {
+        // External power connected
+        if (wifiPowerLossTimerActive) {
+            LOG_INFO("External power restored, canceling WiFi disable timer");
+            wifiPowerLossTimerActive = false;
+        }
+
+        // Re-enable WiFi if it was disabled by power loss
+        if (wifiWasDisabledByPowerLoss && !isWifiAvailable()) {
+            LOG_INFO("External power restored, re-enabling WiFi");
+            initWifi();
+            wifiWasDisabledByPowerLoss = false;
+        }
+    }
+}
+#endif // HAS_WIFI && !defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
+
 int32_t Power::runOnce()
 {
     readPowerStatus();
 
+#if HAS_WIFI && !defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
+    handleWifiPowerManagement();
+#endif
+
 #ifdef HAS_PMU
     // WE no longer use the IRQ line to wake the CPU (due to false wakes from
     // sleep), but we do poll the IRQ status by reading the registers over I2C

src/mesh/NodeDB.cpp

@@ -743,6 +743,10 @@ void NodeDB::installDefaultConfig(bool preserveKey = false)
     config.network.ipv6_enabled = default_network_ipv6_enabled;
 #endif
 
+    // WiFi power management defaults
+    config.network.wifi_on_external_power_only = false;
+    config.network.wifi_power_loss_timeout_secs = 30;
+
 #ifdef DISPLAY_FLIP_SCREEN
     config.display.flip_screen = true;
 #endif

src/mesh/generated/meshtastic/config.pb.h

@@ -469,6 +469,14 @@ typedef struct _meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig {
     uint32_t enabled_protocols;
     /* Enable/Disable ipv6 support */
     bool ipv6_enabled;
+    /* Only enable WiFi when connected to external power (USB).
+     WiFi will be automatically disabled when running on battery
+     after wifi_power_loss_timeout_secs delay. */
+    bool wifi_on_external_power_only;
+    /* Delay in seconds before disabling WiFi after external power is lost.
+     This allows for brief power interruptions without toggling WiFi.
+     Default: 30 seconds. Set to 0 for immediate disable. */
+    uint32_t wifi_power_loss_timeout_secs;
 } meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig;
 
 /* Display Config */
@@ -730,7 +738,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #define meshtastic_Config_DeviceConfig_init_default {_meshtastic_Config_DeviceConfig_Role_MIN, 0, 0, 0, _meshtastic_Config_DeviceConfig_RebroadcastMode_MIN, 0, 0, 0, 0, "", 0, _meshtastic_Config_DeviceConfig_BuzzerMode_MIN}
 #define meshtastic_Config_PositionConfig_init_default {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, _meshtastic_Config_PositionConfig_GpsMode_MIN}
 #define meshtastic_Config_PowerConfig_init_default {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
-#define meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_init_default {0, "", "", "", 0, _meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_AddressMode_MIN, false, meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_IpV4Config_init_default, "", 0, 0}
+#define meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_init_default {0, "", "", "", 0, _meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_AddressMode_MIN, false, meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_IpV4Config_init_default, "", 0, 0, 0, 0}
 #define meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_IpV4Config_init_default {0, 0, 0, 0}
 #define meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_init_default {0, _meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DeprecatedGpsCoordinateFormat_MIN, 0, 0, 0, _meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DisplayUnits_MIN, _meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_OledType_MIN, _meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DisplayMode_MIN, 0, 0, _meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_CompassOrientation_MIN, 0, 0}
 #define meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_init_default {0, _meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MIN, 0, 0, 0, 0, _meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_MIN, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, {0, 0, 0}, 0, 0}
@@ -741,7 +749,7 @@ extern "C" {
 #define meshtastic_Config_DeviceConfig_init_zero {_meshtastic_Config_DeviceConfig_Role_MIN, 0, 0, 0, _meshtastic_Config_DeviceConfig_RebroadcastMode_MIN, 0, 0, 0, 0, "", 0, _meshtastic_Config_DeviceConfig_BuzzerMode_MIN}
 #define meshtastic_Config_PositionConfig_init_zero {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, _meshtastic_Config_PositionConfig_GpsMode_MIN}
 #define meshtastic_Config_PowerConfig_init_zero  {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}
-#define meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_init_zero {0, "", "", "", 0, _meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_AddressMode_MIN, false, meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_IpV4Config_init_zero, "", 0, 0}
+#define meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_init_zero {0, "", "", "", 0, _meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_AddressMode_MIN, false, meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_IpV4Config_init_zero, "", 0, 0, 0, 0}
 #define meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_IpV4Config_init_zero {0, 0, 0, 0}
 #define meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_init_zero {0, _meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DeprecatedGpsCoordinateFormat_MIN, 0, 0, 0, _meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DisplayUnits_MIN, _meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_OledType_MIN, _meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DisplayMode_MIN, 0, 0, _meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_CompassOrientation_MIN, 0, 0}
 #define meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_init_zero   {0, _meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MIN, 0, 0, 0, 0, _meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_MIN, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, {0, 0, 0}, 0, 0}
@@ -798,6 +806,8 @@ extern "C" {
 #define meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_rsyslog_server_tag 9
 #define meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_enabled_protocols_tag 10
 #define meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_ipv6_enabled_tag 11
+#define meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_wifi_on_external_power_only_tag 12
+#define meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_wifi_power_loss_timeout_secs_tag 13
 #define meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_screen_on_secs_tag 1
 #define meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_gps_format_tag 2
 #define meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_auto_screen_carousel_secs_tag 3
@@ -1038,7 +1048,7 @@ extern const pb_msgdesc_t meshtastic_Config_SessionkeyConfig_msg;
 #define meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_size     34
 #define meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_size        85
 #define meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_IpV4Config_size 20
-#define meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_size     204
+#define meshtastic_Config_NetworkConfig_size     212
 #define meshtastic_Config_PositionConfig_size    62
 #define meshtastic_Config_PowerConfig_size       52
 #define meshtastic_Config_SecurityConfig_size    178

src/mesh/http/WebServer.cpp

@@ -247,4 +247,24 @@ void initWebServer()
         LOG_ERROR("Web Servers Failed! ;-( ");
     }
 }
+
+void deinitWebServer()
+{
+    LOG_DEBUG("Deinit Web Server");
+    isWebServerReady = false;
+
+    if (secureServer) {
+        secureServer->stop();
+        delete secureServer;
+        secureServer = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    if (insecureServer) {
+        insecureServer->stop();
+        delete insecureServer;
+        insecureServer = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    LOG_INFO("Web Servers Stopped");
+}
 #endif

src/mesh/http/WebServer.h

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <functional>
 
 void initWebServer();
+void deinitWebServer();
 void createSSLCert();
 
 class WebServerThread : private concurrency::OSThread

src/mesh/udp/UdpMulticastHandler.h

@@ -39,6 +39,14 @@ class UdpMulticastHandler final
         }
     }
 
+    void stop()
+    {
+        LOG_DEBUG("Stopping UDP Multicast");
+#ifdef ARCH_ESP32
+        udp.close();
+#endif
+    }
+
     void onReceive(AsyncUDPPacket packet)
     {
         size_t packetLength = packet.length();

src/mesh/wifi/WiFiAPClient.cpp

@@ -248,12 +248,47 @@ bool isWifiAvailable()
     }
 }
 
+// Deinit all WiFi-dependent services (called before WiFi off)
+static void deinitWifiServices()
+{
+    LOG_DEBUG("Deinit WiFi services");
+
+    // Disable syslog
+    syslog.disable();
+
+    // Stop API server
+    deInitApiServer();
+
+#ifdef ARCH_ESP32
+#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_WEBSERVER
+    // Stop web server
+    deinitWebServer();
+#endif
+
+    // Stop mDNS
+    MDNS.end();
+#endif
+
+#ifndef DISABLE_NTP
+    // Stop NTP client
+    timeClient.end();
+#endif
+
+    // Reset flag so services reinitialize on reconnect
+    APStartupComplete = false;
+
+    LOG_INFO("WiFi services stopped");
+}
+
 // Disable WiFi
 void deinitWifi()
 {
     LOG_INFO("WiFi deinit");
 
     if (isWifiAvailable()) {
+        // First stop all services that depend on WiFi
+        deinitWifiServices();
+
 #ifdef ARCH_ESP32
         WiFi.disconnect(true, false);
 #elif defined(ARCH_RP2040)

src/power.h

@@ -103,6 +103,9 @@ class Power : private concurrency::OSThread
 
     void powerCommandsCheck();
     void readPowerStatus();
+#if HAS_WIFI && !defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
+    void handleWifiPowerManagement();
+#endif
     virtual bool setup();
     virtual int32_t runOnce() override;
     void setStatusHandler(meshtastic::PowerStatus *handler) { statusHandler = handler; }