Warn when explicit dims rename tuple-style DataArray coords

doc/whats-new.rst

@@ -181,6 +181,9 @@ Bug Fixes
   By `Emmanuel Ferdman <https://github.com/emmanuel-ferdman>`_.
 - :func:`combine_by_coords` no longer returns an empty dataset when a generator is passed as ``data_objects`` (:issue:`10114`, :pull:`11265`).
   By `Amartya Anand <https://github.com/SurfyPenguin>`_.
+- Warn when tuple-style ``DataArray`` coordinates are renamed by explicitly
+  provided dimension names (:issue:`11234`).
+  By `Asish Kumar <https://github.com/officialasishkumar>`_.
 - Fix h5netcdf backend module detection and ros3 tests (:issue:`11243`, :pull:`11274`).
   By `Kai Mühlbauer <https://github.com/kmuehlbauer>`_.
 

xarray/core/dataarray.py

@@ -173,6 +173,21 @@ def _infer_coords_and_dims(
         if not hashable(d):
             raise TypeError(f"Dimension {d} is not hashable")
 
+    if coords is not None and not utils.is_dict_like(coords):
+        if any(
+            isinstance(coord, tuple)
+            and len(coord) >= 2
+            and hashable(coord[0])
+            and coord[0] != dim
+            for dim, coord in zip(dims_tuple, coords, strict=True)
+        ):
+            utils.emit_user_level_warning(
+                "Coordinate names in tuple-style coords are ignored when `dims` "
+                "are provided. Use a mapping for `coords` if you need named "
+                "coordinates.",
+                UserWarning,
+            )
+
     new_coords: Mapping[Hashable, Any]
 
     if isinstance(coords, Coordinates):

xarray/tests/test_dataarray.py

@@ -407,6 +407,38 @@ def test_constructor(self) -> None:
         expected = DataArray([1, 2, 3], coords=[("x", [0, 1, 2])])
         assert_identical(expected, actual)
 
+    def test_constructor_tuple_coords_warn_when_dims_override_names(self) -> None:
+        data = np.random.random((2, 3))
+        coords = [("a", [0, 1]), ("b", [-1, -2, -3])]
+
+        with pytest.warns(
+            UserWarning,
+            match="Coordinate names in tuple-style coords are ignored",
+        ):
+            actual = DataArray(data, coords=coords, dims=["x", "y"])
+
+        expected = Dataset(
+            {None: (["x", "y"], data)},
+            coords={"x": [0, 1], "y": [-1, -2, -3]},
+        )[None]
+        assert_identical(expected, actual)
+
+    def test_constructor_tuple_coords_no_warning_when_names_match_dims(self) -> None:
+        data = np.random.random((2, 3))
+
+        with assert_no_warnings():
+            actual = DataArray(
+                data,
+                coords=[("x", [0, 1]), ("y", [-1, -2, -3])],
+                dims=["x", "y"],
+            )
+
+        expected = Dataset(
+            {None: (["x", "y"], data)},
+            coords={"x": [0, 1], "y": [-1, -2, -3]},
+        )[None]
+        assert_identical(expected, actual)
+
     def test_constructor_invalid(self) -> None:
         data = np.random.randn(3, 2)